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Here, we show that IL\u201033 expression is increased in brain undergoing ECM and we address the role of the IL\u201033\/ST2 pathway in ECM development. ST2\u2010deficient mice were resistant to <jats:italic>Pb<\/jats:italic>A\u2010induced neuropathology. They survived &gt;20 days with no ECM neurological sign and a preserved cerebral microcirculation, while WT mice succumbed within 10 days with ECM, brain vascular leakage, distinct microvascular pathology obstruction, and hemorrhages. Parasitemia and brain parasite load were similar in ST2\u2010deficient and WT mice. Protection was accompanied by reduced brain sequestration of activated CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u00a0cells and perforin<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u00a0cells. While IFN\u2010\u03b3\u00a0and T\u2010cell\u2010attracting chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 were not affected in the absence of functional ST2 pathway, the local expression of ICAM\u20101, CXCR3, and LT\u2010\u03b1, crucial for ECM development, was strongly reduced, and this may explain the diminished pathogenic T\u2010cell recruitment and resistance to ECM. Therefore, IL\u201033 is induced in <jats:italic>Pb<\/jats:italic>A sporozoite infection, and the pathogenic T\u2010cell responses with local microvascular pathology are dependent on IL\u201033\/ST2 signaling, identifying IL\u201033 as a new actor in ECM development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201445206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,14]],"date-time":"2015-02-14T05:33:27Z","timestamp":1423892007000},"page":"1354-1365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Critical role of IL\u201033 receptor ST2 in experimental cerebral malaria development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Palomo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Reverchon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Piotet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Gaelle","family":"Besnard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Couturier\u2010Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Maillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurel","family":"Tefit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMI\u2010Paris (UPMC UMRS CR7, Inserm U1135, CNRS ERL 8255)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Erard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Mazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMI\u2010Paris (UPMC UMRS CR7, Inserm U1135, CNRS ERL 8255)  Paris France"},{"name":"Groupe Hospitalier Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Service Parasitologie\u2010Mycologie  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Ryffel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR7355  Orleans France"},{"name":"Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics University of Orleans  Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie F. 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