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In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of NK cells on the function of LDCs during intracellular bacterial lung infection of <jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic> in mice. We found that the naive mice receiving LDCs from <jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected NK\u2010cell\u2010depleted mice (NK\u2010LDCs) showed more serious body weight loss, bacterial burden, and pathology upon chlamydial challenge when compared with the recipients of LDCs from infected sham\u2010treated mice (NK+LDCs). Cytokine analysis of the local tissues of the former compared with the latter exhibited lower levels of Th1 (IFN\u2010\u03b3) and Th17 (IL\u201017), but higher levels of Th2 (IL\u20104), cytokines. Consistently, NK\u2010LDCs were less efficient in directing <jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific Th1 and Th17 responses than NK+LDCs when cocultured with CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. In NK cell\/LDC coculture experiments, the blockade of NKG2D receptor reduced the production of IL\u201012p70, IL\u20106, and IL\u201023 by LDCs. The neutralization of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in the culture decreased the production of IL\u201012p70 by LDCs, whereas the blockade of TNF\u2010\u03b1 resulted in diminished IL\u20106 production. Our findings demonstrate that NK cells modulate LDC function to elicit Th1\/Th17 immunity during intracellular bacterial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201445390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,29]],"date-time":"2015-07-29T14:09:34Z","timestamp":1438178974000},"page":"2810-2820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["NK cells modulate the lung dendritic cell\u2010mediated Th1\/Th17 immunity during intracellular bacterial infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Sudhanshu","family":"Shekhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antony G","family":"Joyee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/1998\/395297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.1.5.12862"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612033392486"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100059"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0311134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.18040692","article-title":"Lung dendritic cells and host immunity to infection","volume":"18","author":"Lambrecht B. 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