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The general mechanisms of apoptosis elicited by Lm infection are understood, however, the roles of BH3\u2010only proteins during primary Lm infection have not been examined. To explore the roles of BH3\u2010only proteins in Lm\u2010induced apoptosis, we studied <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic> infections in mice deficient in Bim, Bid, Noxa or double deficient in BimBid or BimNoxa. We found that BimNoxa double knockout mice were highly resistant to high\u2010dose challenge with <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>. Decreased bacterial burden and decreased host cell apoptosis were found in the spleens of these mice. The ability of the BH3\u2010deficient mice to clear bacterial infection more efficiently than WT was correlated with increased concentrations of ROS, neutrophil extracellular DNA trap release and downregulation of TNF\u2010\u03b1. Our data show a novel pathway of infection\u2010induced apoptosis that enhances our understanding of the mechanism by which BH3\u2010only proteins control apoptotic host cell death during <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]],"date-time":"2016-04-11T17:09:58Z","timestamp":1460394598000},"page":"1427-1437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of proapoptotic BH3\u2010only proteins in <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Camilla","family":"Margaroli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry CIIL University of Lausanne  Epalinges Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Oberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Vaccine Research Institute Centre des laboratoires d'Epalinges  Epalinges 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