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Unexpectedly, all CD11c.DTR mice treated with DTX died within 4\u20135 days, whether being infected with<jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>or not. Despite measurable impact of DTX on lung functional parameters, these constrictions could not explain the high mortality rate. Instead, DTX\u2010treated CD11c.DTR animals developed fulminant myocarditis (FM) characterized by massive leukocyte infiltration and myocardial cell destruction, including central parts of the heart's stimulus transmission system. In fact, standard limb lead ECG recordings of diseased but not healthy mice showed a \u201cBrugada\u201d\u2010like pattern with an abnormally high ST segment pointing to enhanced susceptibility for potential lethal arrhythmias. While CD11c.DTR mice are extensively used for the characterization of CD11c<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells, including dendritic cells, several studies have already mentioned adverse side effects following DTX treatment. Our results demonstrate that this limitation is based on severe myocarditis but not on the expected lung constrictions, and has to be taken into consideration if this animal model is used. Based on these properties, however, the CD11c.DTR mouse might serve as useful animal model for FM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201546245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T08:17:18Z","timestamp":1463473038000},"page":"2028-2042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["CD11c.DTR mice develop a fatal fulminant myocarditis after local or systemic treatment with diphtheria toxin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Linda","family":"M\u00e4nn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital University Duisburg\u2013Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Kochupurakkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Experimental Critical Care Medicine University Hospital Basel 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