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LCMV13 disrupts splenic architecture early during infection, but this returns to normal within a few weeks. However, the long\u2010term effects of LCMV13 infection on splenic structure have not been reported. Here, we report that persistent infection with LCMV13 results in sustained splenic atrophy that persists for at least 500 days following infection, whereas infection with the acutely infecting LCMV Armstrong is associated with a return to preinfection spleen weights. Splenic atrophy is associated with loss of T, B, and non\u2010B non\u2010T cells, with B cells most significantly affected. These effects were partly ameliorated by anti\u2010NK1.1 or anti\u2010CD8 antibody treatment. Antigen presentation was detectable at the time of contraction of the spleen, but no longer detected at late time points, suggesting that continued antigen presentation is not required to maintain splenic atrophy. Immunity to <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> infection and influenza vaccination were decreased after the virus was no longer detected. Thus splenic atrophy following LCMV13 infection is irreversible and may contribute to impaired immunity following clearance of LCMV13.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T17:23:37Z","timestamp":1476379417000},"page":"94-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Irreversible splenic atrophy following chronic LCMV infection is associated with compromised immunity in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Achire N.","family":"Mbanwi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Toronto  Toronto ON 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