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Upon infection, neutrophils are quickly recruited to the joint by different chemoattractants, especially CXCR1\/2 binding chemokines. Although their excessive accumulation is associated with intense pain and permanent articular damage, neutrophils have an important function in controlling bacterial burden. This work aimed to study the role of CXCR2 in the control of infection, hypernociception and tissue damage in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced septic arthritis in mice. The kinetics of neutrophil recruitment correlated with the bacterial load recovered from inflamed joint after intra\u2010articular injection of <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. Treatment of mice from the start of infection with the non\u2010competitive antagonist of CXCR1\/2, DF2156A, reduced neutrophil accumulation, cytokine production in the tissue, joint hypernociception and articular damage. However, early DF2156A treatment increased the bacterial load locally. CXCR2 was important for neutrophil activation and clearance of bacteria <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Start of treatment with DF2156A 3 days after infection prevented increase in bacterial load and reduced the hypernociception in the following days, but did not improve tissue damage. In conclusion, treatment with DF2156A seems be effective in controlling tissue inflammation and dysfunction but its effects are highly dependent on the timing of the treatment start.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]],"date-time":"2017-11-23T02:52:42Z","timestamp":1511405562000},"page":"454-463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["CXCR2 is critical for bacterial control and development of joint damage and pain in <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\u2010induced septic arthritis in mouse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Daiane","family":"Boff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imunofarmacologia Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology Department of Microbiology and Immunology Rega Institute for Medical Research  KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian L. 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