{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:10:26Z","timestamp":1787069426175,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY11373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY11373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1EY18612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1EY18612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an important cause of pulmonary and systemic infections in immune compromised individuals, and of corneal ulcers and blindness in immune competent patients. To examine the role of chitin synthases in\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    corneal infection, we analyzed\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants of chitin synthase family 1 and family 2, and found that compared with the parent strain, the quadruple mutants from both families were more readily killed by neutrophils in vitro, and that both also exhibited impaired hyphal growth in the cornea. Further, inhibition of chitin synthases using Nikkomycin Z enhanced neutrophil killing in vitro and in vivo in a murine model of\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    corneal infection. Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) is mostly produced by macrophages in asthmatic lungs; however, we now demonstrate that neutrophils are a major source of AMCase, which inhibits hyphal growth. In\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    corneal infection, neutrophils are the major source of AMCase, and addition of AMCase inhibitors or adoptive transfer of neutrophils from AMCase\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice resulted in impaired hyphal killing. Together, these findings identify chitin synthases as important fungal virulence factors and neutrophil\u2010derived AMCase as an essential mediator of host defense.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201847851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,23]],"date-time":"2019-03-23T07:28:32Z","timestamp":1553326112000},"page":"918-927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["<i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    corneal infection is regulated by chitin synthases and by neutrophil\u2013derived acidic mammalian chitinase"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"de Jesus Carrion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Abbondante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of California  Irvine USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather L.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela E.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of California  Irvine USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Mouyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u00b4 des Aspergillus Institut Pasteur  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Beauvais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u00b4 des Aspergillus Institut Pasteur  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia R.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Sixto M.","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Paul","family":"Latge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u00b4 des Aspergillus Institut Pasteur  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0137-7582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Pearlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of California  Irvine USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003436"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2836"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.FUNK-0035-2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.48.100194.002351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2008.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)88890-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201636200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-012110-142250"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/920459"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-890OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2004.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2011.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095336"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI63239"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.18.5857-5860.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-030117-020406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2010.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ml200008b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2011-0095OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05323-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.4279"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0802113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.5.1734-1741.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.274936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01823-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00944-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000205583"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3417"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141730"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6593(66)80120-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646632"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Feji.201847851","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eji.201847851","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/eji.201847851","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eji.201847851","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T11:33:29Z","timestamp":1692617609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eji.201847851"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eji.201847851"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.201847851","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/EJI.201847851\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0014-2980","1521-4141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2980","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}