{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:04:19Z","timestamp":1790622259305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_146140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_146140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_166078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Persistent virus infections with non\u2010 or poorly cytopathic viruses are commonly associated with B cell dysregulations. These include the induction of hypergammaglobulinemia and the emergence of virus\u2010unspecific antibodies. These seemingly unspecific antibody responses interfere with the virus\u2010specific humoral immunity and contribute to delayed virus control. Whether these virus\u2010unspecific antibodies are induced in the B cell follicle or at extrafollicular sites and whether one specific CD4 T\u00a0cell subset is involved in the polyclonal B cell activation is unclear. Here we studied virus\u2010unrelated IgG antibody responses against self or foreign antigens in the context of persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. We found that the LCMV\u2010unspecific antibody response is short\u2010lived and induced predominantly at extrafollicular sites and depends on the presence of LCMV\u2010specific CD4 T\u00a0cells. Our data support a scenario in which activated, virus\u2010specific CD4 T\u00a0cells provide help to non\u2010specific B cells at extrafollicular sites, supporting the production of virus unspecific IgG antibodies during persistent viral infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201948286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T03:48:32Z","timestamp":1573703312000},"page":"396-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["LCMV\u2010specific CD4 T\u00a0cell dependent polyclonal B\u2010cell activation upon persistent viral infection is short lived and extrafollicular"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Ute","family":"Greczmiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology ETH Z\u00fcrich  Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nike 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