{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T23:07:57Z","timestamp":1791673677736,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    IgG4 antibodies are unique to humans. IgG4 is associated with tolerance during immunotherapy in allergy, but also with pathology, as in pemphigus vulgaris and IgG4\u2010related disease. Its induction is largely restricted to nonmicrobial antigens, and requires repeated or prolonged antigenic stimulation, for reasons poorly understood. An important aspect in generating high\u2010affinity IgG antibodies is chemokine receptor\u2010mediated migration of B\u00a0cells into appropriate niches, such as germinal centers. Here, we show that compared to IgG1 B\u00a0cells, circulating IgG4 B\u00a0cells express lower levels of CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CCR6, and CCR7, chemokine receptors involved in GC reactions and generation of long\u2010lived plasma cells. This phenotype was recapitulated by in vitro priming of naive B\u00a0cells with an IgG4\u2010inducing combination of T\n                    <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>H2<\/jats:sub>\n                    cytokines. Consistent with these observations, we found a low abundance of IgG4 B\u00a0cells in secondary lymphoid tissues in vivo, and the IgG4 antibody response is substantially more short\u2010lived compared to other IgG subclasses in patient groups undergoing CD20\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B\u00a0cell depletion therapy with rituximab. These results prompt the hypothesis that factors needed to form IgG4 B\u00a0cells restrain at the same time the induction of a robust migratory phenotype that could support a long\u2010lived IgG4 antibody response.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201948454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T12:09:52Z","timestamp":1586866192000},"page":"1113-1125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Divergent chemokine receptor expression and the consequence for human IgG4 B\u00a0cell responses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Peter\u2010Paul A.","family":"Unger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura C.","family":"Lighaam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Vermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Kruithof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Makuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Culver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford and Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"van Bruggen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Blood Cell Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester B.M.","family":"Remmerswaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Transplant Unit Department of Internal Medicine Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ineke J.M.","family":"ten Berge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Transplant Unit Department of Internal Medicine Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reindert W.","family":"Emmens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cardiovascular Surgery, ACS VU Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans W.M.","family":"Niessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cardiovascular Surgery, ACS VU Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford and Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit J.","family":"Wolbink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Centre  Reade Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Marieke","family":"van Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"University of Amsterdam Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences  The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9600-1312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theo","family":"Rispens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02991163","article-title":"IgG4 as a blocking antibody","volume":"1","author":"Aalberse R. 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