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It is therefore paradoxical that comparatively large numbers of Treg were found in the thymus of type I diabetes\u2010prone NOD mice. The Treg population in the thymus is composed of newly developing cells and cells that had recirculated from the periphery back to the thymus. We here demonstrate that exceptionally large numbers of Treg develop in the thymus of young, but not adult, NOD mice. Once emigrated from the thymus, an unusually large proportion of these Treg is activated in the periphery, which causes a particularly abundant accumulation of recirculating Treg in the thymus. These cells then rapidly inhibit de novo development of Treg. The proportions of developing Treg thus reach levels similar to or lower than those found in most other, type 1 diabetes\u2010resistant, inbred mouse strains. Thus, in adult NOD mice the particularly large Treg\u2010niche is actually composed of mostly recirculating cells and only few newly developing Treg.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202048743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T00:00:27Z","timestamp":1596153627000},"page":"580-593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Robust intrathymic development of regulatory T cells in young NOD mice is rapidly restrained by recirculating cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7745-5845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Darrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP) Inserm U1043, CNRS UMR 5282 Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse III (UPS)  Toulouse 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