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Although the capsular polysaccharides (CPs) of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    are considered as virulence factors, the physiological significance of CP biosynthesis and of CPs themselves is not fully understood, with many conflicting data reported. First, we demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>CAP<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene deletant of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    completely lacked capsule layer and its virulence, and that the strain was susceptible to host\u2010related factors including oxidizing, hypoxic, and hypotrophic conditions in vitro. Extracellular CPs recovered from culture supernatant bound specifically to\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    acapsular strains, not to other fungi and immune cells, and rendered them the immune escape effects. In fact, dendritic cells (DCs) did not efficiently uptake the CP\u2010treated acapsular strains, which possessed no visible capsule layer, and a decreased amount of phosphorylated proteins and cytokine levels after the stimulation. DCs recognized\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    acapuslar cells via an immune receptor CD11b\u2010 and Syk\u2010related pathway; however, CD11b did not bind to CP\u2010treated acapsular cells. These results suggested that CPs support immune evasion by coating antigens on\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and blocking the interaction between CD11b and\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells. Here, we describe the importance of CPs in pathogenicity and immune evasion mechanisms of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202049042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T04:44:41Z","timestamp":1615956281000},"page":"2281-2295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Cryptococcus gattii<\/i>\n                    evades CD11b\u2010mediated fungal recognition by coating itself with capsular polysaccharides"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0671-0049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keigo","family":"Ueno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science  Katsushika\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Yanagihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science  Katsushika\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Urai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture Faculty of Life Sciences Tokyo University of Agriculture  Setagaya\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Nagamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Sato\u2010Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiminori","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science  Katsushika\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electron Microscopy National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses National Institute of Infectious Diseases  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00001-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2015.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"e00357","article-title":"The case for adopting the \u201cspecies complex\u201d nomenclature for the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis","volume":"11","author":"Kwon\u2010Chung K. 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