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Here, we developed a recombinant type 5 adenovirus vector encoding the gene for the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 S1 subunit antigen (Ad5.SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010S1) for COVID\u201019 immunization and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice. A single immunization with Ad5.SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010S1 via S.C. injection or I.N delivery induced robust antibody and cellular immune responses. Vaccination elicited significant S1\u2010specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a endpoint titers as early as 2 weeks, and the induced antibodies were long lasting. I.N. and S.C. administration of Ad5.SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010S1 produced S1\u2010specific GC B cells in cervical and axillary LNs, respectively. Moreover, I.N. and S.C. immunization evoked significantly greater antigen\u2010specific T\u2010cell responses compared to unimmunized control groups with indications that S.C. injection was more effective than I.N. delivery in eliciting cellular immune responses. Mice vaccinated by either route demonstrated significantly increased virus\u2010specific neutralization antibodies on weeks 8 and 12 compared to control groups, as well as BM antibody forming cells (AFC), indicative of long\u2010term immunity. Thus, this Ad5\u2010vectored SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccine candidate showed promising immunogenicity following delivery to mice by S.C. and I.N. routes of administration, supporting the further development of Ad\u2010based vaccines against COVID\u201019 and other infectious diseases for sustainable global immunization programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202149167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,27]],"date-time":"2021-03-27T10:13:55Z","timestamp":1616840035000},"page":"1774-1784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["A single subcutaneous or intranasal immunization with adenovirus\u2010based SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccine induces robust humoral and cellular immune responses in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian J.","family":"Weisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Balmert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad S.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaohua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geza","family":"Erdos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Kenniston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara Donahue","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Joachim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura J.","family":"Conter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine M.","family":"Weisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisreen M. 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