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Neutrophils are essential in defending against fungal infections; however, their role in PCP is controversial. Here we aim to investigate the effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    clearance and lung injury using a mouse model of PCP. Intriguingly, although neutrophils play a fundamental role in defending against fungal infections, NETs failed to eliminate\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but instead impaired the killing of\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Mechanically,\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    triggered Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)\u2010dependent neutrophil swarming, leading to agglutinative NET formation. Blocking Leukotriene B4 with its receptor antagonist Etalocib significantly reduced the accumulation and NET release of neutrophils\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , enhanced the killing ability of neutrophils against\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and alleviated lung injury in PCP mice. This study identifies the deleterious role of agglutinative NETs in\n                    <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and reveals a new way to prevent NET formation, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis of PCP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202350779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T04:19:11Z","timestamp":1709612351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Leukotriene B4\u2010induced neutrophil extracellular traps impede the clearance of\n                    <i>Pneumocystis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Yanxi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing 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