{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:35:05Z","timestamp":1790184905102,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection in the placenta can lead to fetal distress and demise, characterized by severe trophoblast necrosis, chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI), and massive perivillous fibrin deposition. We aimed to uncover spatial immune\u2010related protein changes in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis compared with CHI placentas and uncomplicated pregnancies to gain insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Placentas were retrospectively collected from cases with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis resulting in fetal distress\/demise (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a09), CHI (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a09), and uncomplicated term controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a09). The expression of 53 immune\u2010related proteins was quantified using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler in three separate compartments: villi (fetal compartment), intervillous space, and decidua (both maternal compartments). Compared with controls, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis and CHI both displayed differentially expressed proteins in the intervillous space only, including upregulation of myeloid markers (e.g., CD40, CD11c, CD68, CD163). Specifically, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis was associated with reduced expression of multiple apoptotic proteins (e.g., BAD, BIM, BLXL, BCL6). In conclusion, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis and CHI are associated with enhanced myeloid cell infiltration into the intervillous space, but not in the decidua and villi. The more prominently reduced apoptosis\u2010related protein expression in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 placentitis may lead to an exaggerated immune response, causing acute placental dysfunction and fetal demise.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202451386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T02:08:17Z","timestamp":1737079697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Similar Spatial Expression of Immune\u2010Related Proteins in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Placentitis and Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4736-398X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Broekhuizen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Louise","family":"van der Hoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Disha","family":"Vadgama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Eikmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bojou J.","family":"Neecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Pathan  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes J.","family":"Duvekot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Fraaij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Division Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin K. 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