{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:34:51Z","timestamp":1790386491860,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    B cells with low or absent expression of CD21 (CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells) gained attention due to their expansion in the peripheral blood of patients with immune\u2010mediated, rheumatic diseases. This is not only observed in typical autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and Sj\u00f6gren's disease (SjD) but also in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r\u2010axSpA), which is considered an autoinflammatory disease. To gain more insight into the origins of the heterogeneous CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B\u2010cell population, and its relation to the plasmablast (PB) compartment, we profiled the B\u2010cell\u2010receptor (BCR) repertoire in CD27\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    fractions of CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells and early PBs using next\u2010generation sequencing. Populations were sorted from peripheral blood of healthy individuals, SjD patients, and r\u2010axSpA patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 10 for each group). In healthy individuals and both patient groups, our findings indicate that CD27\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells, which exhibit few mutations in their BCR, may develop into CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells and PBs, both marked by considerably more mutations. Given the known expansion of circulating CD27\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells in SjD and r\u2010axSpA patients and clonal relationships with both CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD21\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells and early PBs, these cells might actively contribute to (pathological) immune responses in rheumatic diseases with autoimmune and\/or autoinflammatory characteristics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202451398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T01:25:00Z","timestamp":1734744300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["B Cell Receptor Repertoire Analysis of the CD21\n                    <sup>lo<\/sup>\n                    B Cell Compartment in Healthy Individuals, Patients With Sj\u00f6gren's Disease, and Patients With Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Rick","family":"Wilbrink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"van der Weele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology &amp; Clinical Immunology Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (ARC) Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneke J. P. L.","family":"Spoorenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niek","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology &amp; Clinical Immunology Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (ARC) Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilse T. G.","family":"Niewold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology &amp; Clinical Immunology Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (ARC) Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwenny M.","family":"Verstappen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frans G. 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