{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T20:29:28Z","timestamp":1788985768076,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012521","name":"Windsor Cancer Centre Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Seeds4Hope Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Seeds4Hope Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012521","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in shaping natural killer (NK) cell receptor (NKR) repertoire highlights the importance of NKRs in immunity against CMV. NKR\u2010P1A (CD161) is an inhibitory NKR, whose expression is lost during CMV infection, but its role in NK cell responses during CMV infection is not known. Here, we show selective expansion of adaptive NKG2C<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> NK cells lacking NKR\u2010P1A receptor (NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>\u2012<\/jats:sup>) due to their increased activation and proliferation compared with NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> NK cells in CMV\u2010infected individuals. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> stimulation of PBMCs showed similar inherent proliferative capacity in both NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> versus NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>\u2012<\/jats:sup> NK cells in steady state and upregulation, but not loss of NKR\u2010P1A receptor expression, in sorted NK cells. Furthermore, CMV infection induced differential gene expression profiles in NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> versus NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>\u2012<\/jats:sup> NK cells, and only NKR\u2010P1A<jats:sup>\u2012<\/jats:sup> NK cells exhibited transcriptome signatures associated with adaptive NK cells in CMV\u2010infected individuals. This study further highlights the impact of CMV infection in shaping NK cell receptor repertoire and exclusion of NK cells that express the NKR\u2010P1A receptor from the adaptive NKG2C<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> NK cell population that expands during CMV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202451562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:14:17Z","timestamp":1748391257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Adaptive NKG2C<sup>+<\/sup> NK cells in cytomegalovirus seropositive individuals predominantly lack NKR\u2010P1A receptor expression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Mohamad Basem","family":"Alkassab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Windsor  Windsor Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fareeha Ajmal","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Windsor  Windsor Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Hamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Windsor  Windsor Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Windsor Regional Cancer Centre Windsor Regional Hospital  Windsor Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4622-1082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mir Munir A.","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Windsor  Windsor Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60664-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198906293202605"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"1531","article-title":"Natural Killer Cell Depletion Enhances Virus Synthesis and Virus\u2010Induced Hepatitis in Vivo","volume":"131","author":"Bukowski J. 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