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Granulomas constitute a hallmark of TB pathogenesis that can clear, contain, or exacerbate an infection. Containment is exploited by\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a hideout to persist in a dormant, antibiotic\u2010tolerant state, only to resuscitate upon immunosuppression. The immune determinants of a granulomatous response driving\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    persistence remain elusive. We here generated ex vivo granuloma\u2010like structures from peripheral blood mononuclear cell specimens of TB patients and applied high\u2010dimensional mass cytometry to elucidate immune factors prompting\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    dormancy. Compared with healthy controls, patient\u2010derived specimens rapidly forced\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    to become dormant\u2010like ex vivo. This observation correlated with an enrichment in activated, innate (\u2010like) cytotoxic lymphocytes and required the presence of CD56\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    lymphocytes or, more specifically, the content of their granules. Finally, we demonstrated that direct exposure to granulysin induces\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    dormancy, thereby unravelling an immune escape mechanism to cytotoxic lymphocyte activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T06:09:47Z","timestamp":1754633387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Granulysin Antimicrobial Activity Promotes Dormancy in\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1791-4104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Schmidiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute  Allschwil Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel  Basel 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Switzerland"},{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute  Bagamoyo Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Sasamalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute  Allschwil Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute  Bagamoyo Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Hella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute  Bagamoyo Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Walch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Unit Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Science and Medicine University of Fribourg  Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Fellay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences \u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics  Lausanne Switzerland"},{"name":"Precision Medicine Unit Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Gagneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute  Allschwil Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Reither","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute  Allschwil Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8465-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 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