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However, the mechanisms behind the sex differences in immune responses, particularly women's higher susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, remain unclear. This study investigated the role of testosterone in modulating the IL\u201017 response. IL\u201017 levels and IL\u201017\u2010expressing cells were compared between males and females, and testosterone's effect on Th17 differentiation was evaluated. In an imiquimod\u2010induced psoriasis mouse model, testosterone supplementation reduced psoriasis severity in female mice, whereas castration of male mice exacerbated psoriasis. Testosterone inhibited both in vitro Th17 differentiation and in vivo IL\u201017 expression, correlating with reduced psoriasis severity. Molecular studies indicated that testosterone is an inverse agonist of related orphan receptor gamma (ROR\u03b3t), a key transcription factor for IL\u201017 expression. 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