{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T21:45:53Z","timestamp":1783633553189,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u201001730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u201001730"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009244","name":"Stockholms Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009244","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) that dampen T cell responses can be induced from blood monocytes in vitro using factors such as Vitamin D3 (VitD), dexamethasone, IL\u201010, or rapamycin. However, challenges remain in obtaining robust and efficient generation of cell therapy\u2010based tolDCs without compromising their viability. We recently reported that CCR2\u2010dependent recruitment of monocytic cells, with the capacity to dampen T\u2010helper responses, occurs in mice treated with a single\u2010stranded oligonucleotide (ssON). Here, we investigated the effects of this immunomodulatory noncoding ssON on differentiating human monocytes towards DC in the presence of IL\u20104 and GM\u2010CSF (moDC). The moDC differentiated in the presence of ssON upregulated CD1a but also increased their expression of PD\u2010L1. The differentiation of monocytes to moDC in the presence of ssON introduced transcriptomic changes, many of which overlapped with VitD\u2010moDC and resulted in moDCs with altered lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010responsiveness. Moreover, ssON\u2010moDC exhibited a low capacity to stimulate alloreactive T cells in vitro and instead promoted the induction of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    FoxP3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD25\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. Experiments using chemical reagents support a role for PPAR\u2010\u03b3 in the generation of ssON\u2010moDC. Collectively, our data show that monocytes differentiated with IL\u20104, GM\u2010CSF, and ssON generate cells with phenotypic and functional characteristics of tolDCs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.70081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T06:45:20Z","timestamp":1761547520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells by a Noncoding Oligonucleotide"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Kahkashan","family":"Kamal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences The Wenner\u2010Gren Institute, Stockholm University  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Trumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences The Wenner\u2010Gren Institute, Stockholm University  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"Richardsdotter\u2010Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Wahren\u2010Herlenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna\u2010Lena","family":"Spetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences The Wenner\u2010Gren Institute, Stockholm University  Stockholm 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