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Epidemiological studies have suggested that its infection, in addition, is necessary for the development of the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS). The very same oncogenes that drive EBV\u2010associated malignancies might also induce differentiation of B cell subsets that initiate neuroinflammation. This review will discuss how insufficient immune control might allow for sizeable populations of T\u2010bet\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CXCR3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells to infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS), attract other lymphocytes, efficiently stimulate T cells in the CNS, and differentiate into antibody\u2010producing plasma cells, thereby contributing to inflammation and autoantibody production in a subset of MS patients. This CNS\u2010infiltrating B\u2010cell population could be targeted by EBV\u2010specific treatments to complement existing MS therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.70153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T14:07:49Z","timestamp":1771769269000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Latent, Lytic, and Linked to Multiple Sclerosis\u2014How EBV Drives Autoimmunity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Fabienne","family":"L\u00e4derach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Immunology University of Z\u00fcrich  Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5954-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Bremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Immunobiology, Institute of 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