{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T23:10:09Z","timestamp":1750806609855,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This feasibility study addresses the applicability of matrix electrodes for the reduction of ongoing pain in cancer patients via low\u2010frequency electrical stimulation (LFS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010frequency matrix stimulation (4\u00a0Hz) was applied to the skin within the \u2018Head's zones\u2019 referring to the tumour localization of cancer pain patients. Pain at baseline was compared to a 3\u2010day treatment interval consisting of 5\u00a0min of matrix stimulation in the morning and evening followed by a 3\u2010day follow\u2010up period without therapy. Main outcome parameters included numeric rating scale values (rating scale 0\u2013100), pain<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DETECT<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HADS<\/jats:styled-content>, and German pain questionnaire, as well as the opioid intake, calculated as the oral morphine equivalent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OME<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty patients with cancer pain (aged 64.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.3; 9 women) were examined. In the majority of patients, the pain was classified as nociceptive. The mean pain reduction achieved by matrix therapy was 30%, under stable daily controlled\u2010release opioid doses between 177 and 184 mg\/day (OME). Seventeen patients (85%) were responders, defined by a pain reduction of at least 30%, while four responders experienced a pain reduction of over 50%. The only side effect was short\u2010term erythema.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings are consistent with the concept of synaptic long\u2010term depression in cancer pain induced after conditioning<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LFS<\/jats:styled-content>. Despite the short, but well\u2010tolerated, treatment duration of 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a05\u00a0min\/day, effects persisted throughout the 3\u2010day follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cutaneous neuromodulation using<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LFS<\/jats:styled-content>via a matrix electrode has been shown to be a safe intervention for effectively reducing cancer pain in palliative care patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T11:42:42Z","timestamp":1502710962000},"page":"58-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Matrix stimulation in cancer pain: Methodology, safety and effectiveness"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"M\u00fccke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice and Family Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Center for Rare Diseases Bonn (ZSEB) University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Tils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Kravchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Cuhls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Radbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Centre for Palliative Care Malteser Hospital Bonn\/Rhein\u2010Sieg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Marinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Medical School &amp; Hospital University Hospital Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Peuckmann\u2010Post","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Rolke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2004.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(93)90081-V"},{"volume-title":"Lehrbuch der Palliativmedizin: Mit 204 Tabellen","year":"2012","author":"Aulbert E.","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/170396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.08.002"},{"volume-title":"Angewandte Physiologie 4, Schmerzen Verstehen und Beeinflussen\u202f: 43 Tabellen","year":"2008","author":"Berg F.","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361031a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.18.2476"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00073-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.9.2542"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.69.3.703"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"[Pain management in palliative care. 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