{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T06:41:09Z","timestamp":1789713669495,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pain Center Research Fund from the Department of Neurology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Motor neuron diseases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content>) represent a group of disorders that evolve with inexorable muscle weakness and medical management is based on symptom control. However, deeper characterization of non\u2010motor symptoms in these patients have been rarely reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study aimed to describe non\u2010motor symptoms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content> and their impact on quality of life and functional status, with a focus on pain and sensory changes. Eighty patients (31 females, 55.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.9\u00a0years old) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content> underwent a neurological examination, pain, mood, catastrophizing and psychophysics assessments [quantitative sensory testing (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QST<\/jats:styled-content>) and conditioned pain modulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPM<\/jats:styled-content>)], and were compared to sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched healthy controls (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic pain was present in 46% of patients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=5.18\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0). Pain of musculoskeletal origin occurred in 40.5% and was mainly located in the head\/neck (51%) and lower back (35%). Neuropathic pain was not present in this sample. Compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MND<\/jats:styled-content> patients had a lower cold detection threshold (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.002), and significantly lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPM<\/jats:styled-content> scores (4.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2% vs. 22.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QST<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPM<\/jats:styled-content> results did not differ between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content> patients with and without pain. Pain intensity was statistically correlated with anxiety, depression and catastrophism, and spasticity scores were inversely correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPM<\/jats:styled-content> (\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.30, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.026).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain is frequently reported by patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content>s. Somatosensory and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPM<\/jats:styled-content> changes exist in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content>s and may be related to the neurodegenerative nature of the disease. Further studies should investigate the most appropriate treatment strategies for these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a comprehensive evaluation of pain and sensory abnormalities in motor neuron disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content>) patients. We assessed the different pain syndromes present in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MND<\/jats:styled-content> with validated tools, and described the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QST<\/jats:styled-content> and conditioned pain modulation profiles in a controlled design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T09:32:47Z","timestamp":1503394367000},"page":"72-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Beyond weakness: Characterization of pain, sensory profile and conditioned pain modulation in patients with motor neuron disease: A controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"L.C.G.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo Octavio Frias de Oliveira S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Neurology Division Department of Neurology S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Medical School Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Galhardoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Laboratory Psychiatry Institute University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Laboratory Psychiatry Institute University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.M.H.","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroregeneration Center and ALS Brazil Project Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.T.","family":"Yeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Callegaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Group Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Chadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroregeneration Center and ALS Brazil Project Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo Octavio Frias de Oliveira S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Pain Center Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Laboratory Psychiatry Institute University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ciampi de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo Octavio Frias de Oliveira S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Pain Center Department of Neurology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Laboratory Psychiatry Institute University of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403033300901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2005.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89101995000500004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2008.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/146608200300079536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"DeJong's The Neurologic Examination","author":"Campbell W.W.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Fibromyalgia","volume":"76","author":"Chakrabarty S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03540.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30358-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000887"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000697"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90143-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Quantitative thermal sensory testing in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using reaction time exclusive method of levels (MLE)","volume":"46","author":"Deepika J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70223-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00278"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-010-0844-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2011.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20160156","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic pain in a metropolitan area of a developing country: A population\u2010based study","volume":"74","author":"Ferreira K.A.S.L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.7.1434"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2010000100010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2016.00117","article-title":"Non\u2010motor symptoms in patients suffering from motor neuron diseases","volume":"7","author":"Gunther R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000286948.99150.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.01.350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1789.2000.00305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25157"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Occurrence of Bunina bodies in the locus ceruleus pigmented neurons","volume":"16","author":"Iwanaga K.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Neuropathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(00)00420-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","first-page":"387","article-title":"Quantitative thermal sensory testing in patients with monomelic amyotrophy","volume":"45","author":"Joshi D.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(92)90007-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FP0072095","article-title":"Direct Effects of Riluzole on 5\u2010Hydroxytryptamine (5\u2010HT)(3) Receptor\u2010Activated Ion Currents in NCB\u201020 Neuroblastoma Cells","volume":"65","author":"Kim K.J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2015.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"NIH public access","volume":"81","author":"Logroscino G.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2207-9.00001-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","first-page":"CD001447","article-title":"Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)\/motor neuron disease (MND) (Review)","volume":"14","author":"Miller R.G.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216315600332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.8.838"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","volume-title":"Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials","author":"Norman G.R.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","first-page":"377","article-title":"A standardized Manual Tender Point Survey. I. Development and determination of a threshold point for the identification of positive tender points in fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Okifuji A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0888-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2010000100011","article-title":"Validation of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire (ALSAQ\u201040) scale in the Portuguese language","volume":"68","author":"Pavan K.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Depression, pain and quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A cross\u2010sectional study","volume":"28","author":"Pizzimenti A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.2.495"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.098533"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/21678421.2012.751614"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00048-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","first-page":"775","volume-title":"Serotonergic Mechanisms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","author":"Sandyk R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Valida\u00e7\u00e3o da Escala de Pensamentos Catastr\u00f3ficos sobre Dor","volume":"15","author":"Sard\u00e1 J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Fisiatria"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17482960802103131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/21678421.2015.1074701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010802973\u20102.00013\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7672-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/21678421.2014.951944"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","volume-title":"Hyperalgesia and allodynia (The Second Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb Symposium on Pain Research)","author":"Willis W.D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.605"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fejp.1091","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.1091","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T14:26:08Z","timestamp":1695997568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejp.1091"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejp.1091"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.1091","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3801","1532-2149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3801","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2149","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]]}}}