{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:44:13Z","timestamp":1789775053161,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["La 685\/6\u20102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["La 685\/6\u20102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychological variables and acute post\u2010operative pain are of proven relevance for the prediction of persistent post\u2010operative pain. We aimed at investigating whether pain\u2010specific psychological variables like pain catastrophizing add to the predictive power of acute pain and more general psychological variables like depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In all, 104 young male patients undergoing thoracic surgery for pectus excavatum correction were studied on the pre\u2010operative day (T0) and 1\u00a0week (T1) and 3\u00a0months (T2) after surgery. They provided self\u2010report ratings (pain\u2010related: Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale\u00a0=\u00a0\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PASS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire\u00a0=\u00a0\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVAQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ; general psychological: Screening for Somatoform Symptoms, State\u2010Anxiety Inventory\u2010X1, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale\u00a0=\u00a0\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CES<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010D). Additional predictors (T1) as well as criterion variables (T2) were pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale) and pain disability (Pain Disability Index).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three months after surgery, 25% of the patients still reported clinically relevant pain (pain intensity \u22653) and over 50% still reported pain\u2010related disability. Acute post\u2010operative pain as well as general psychological variables did not allow for a significant prediction of persistent post\u2010operative pain; in contrast, pain\u2010related psychological variables did. The best single predictors were\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PASS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for pain intensity and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVAQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for pain disability.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain\u2010related psychological variables derived from the fear\u2010avoidance model contributed significantly to the prediction of persistent post\u2010operative pain. The best possible compilation of these measures requires further research. More general psychological variables may become relevant predictors later in the medical history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that pain\u2010specific psychological variables such as pain anxiety and pain hypervigilance add significantly to the prediction of persistent post\u2010operative pain and might even outperform established predictors such as acute pain and general psychological variables. Clinicians might benefit from the development of time\u2010economic screening tools based on these variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T05:46:42Z","timestamp":1505886402000},"page":"191-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prediction of persistent post\u2010operative pain: Pain\u2010specific psychological variables compared with acute post\u2010operative pain and general psychological variables"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Horn\u2010Hofmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiological Psychology Otto\u2010Friedrich University Bamberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Scheel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiological Psychology Otto\u2010Friedrich University Bamberg 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