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Catastrophizing has been linked to both phenomena. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying role of catastrophizing in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and pain following burns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study included 216 patients with burns. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and pain were measured during hospitalization (T1) and 6 (T2) and 12\u00a0months (T3) postburn. The Impact of Event Scale\u2010Revised (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010R) indexed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms. Acute pain (T1) was the mean pain during the first two weeks of hospitalization measured using an 11\u2010point graphic numeric rating scale. Chronic pain was indexed using the single item \u2018average\u2019 pain from the Brief Pain Inventory (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPI<\/jats:styled-content>). Catastrophizing was measured at T1 and T2 using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CERQ<\/jats:styled-content>). Data were analysed using structural equation\u00a0modelling (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that T2 catastrophizing mediated between acute and chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms, and T3 pain. Furthermore, the study revealed significant associations between catastrophizing, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and pain at the respective measurements, and significant longitudinal associations between the constructs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A negative cognitive\u2010affective response to a burn event, such as catastrophizing, mediated the relationship between acute and chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and later chronic pain. Screening for catastrophizing and acute <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms is recommended to identify persons at risk for chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The identification of individuals who have the tendency to catastrophize may assist in finding those at risk for development of both chronic PTSD symptoms and chronic pain. Individuals may benefit from early psychological therapy focussing on catastrophizing and acute <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms that may ameliorate both chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms and pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T07:33:51Z","timestamp":1518507231000},"page":"1151-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Catastrophizing, pain and traumatic stress symptoms following burns: A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"N.E.","family":"Van Loey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural Research Association of Dutch Burn Centers Beverwijk The Netherlands"},{"name":"Clinical Psychology Utrecht University The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Klein\u2010K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OCRN Child and Youth Mental Health Care Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.E.E.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn Center Red Cross Hospital Beverwijk The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.W.C.","family":"Hofland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn Center Maasstad Hospital Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Vandermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn Center Queen Astrid Military Hospital Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.M.","family":"Engelhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychology Utrecht University The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.3.588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-015-9638-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsu014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2005.01608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.75.5.812"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-011-0086-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v2i0.5652"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Effect of Cancer on Quality of Life","author":"Cleeland C.S.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181cb8cc8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2002.02004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318047e005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00123-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466507X206883"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.034884"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"Manual for the use of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire","author":"Garnefski N.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177011136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-197905000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/eujp.2000.0195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","volume-title":"Principles and Practices of Structural Equational Modeling","author":"Kline R.B.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Chronic pain and PTSD: the Perpetual Avoidance Model and its treatment implications","volume":"18","author":"Liedl A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Torture"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181cb8ee6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","unstructured":"Muth\u00e9n L.K.andMuth\u00e9n B.O.(1998\u20132010).Mplus User's Guide. 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