{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:03:27Z","timestamp":1790694207001,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overactivity in the context of chronic pain (i.e. activity engagement that significantly exacerbates pain) is an important clinical issue that has gained empirical attention in the last decade. Current assessment concepts of overactivity tend to focus on frequency to quantify the severity of the pain behaviour. This study aimed to develop and validate a more comprehensive self\u2010assessment, the Overactivity in Persistent Pain Assessment (OPPA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A sample of 333 individuals with chronic pain completed the OPPA. A subset of 202 individuals also completed a set of existing measures of pain\u2010related outcomes and activity patterns. The remaining 131 participants were provided with a second copy of the OPPA to fill in one week following their initial assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A principal component analysis confirmed that the OPPA items were best represented by a single construct. The OPPA was found to correlate with pain\u2010related measures in an expected way that is supported by both theory and qualitative data. When compared to existing overactivity measures, the OPPA was the only measure to contribute significantly to the regression models predicting higher levels of pain severity, more pain interference and lower levels of activity participation after controlling for age, gender and activity avoidance. In addition, the OPPA scale exhibited acceptable internal consistency and good test\u2013retest reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this study reinforce the potentially important role of overactivity in the maintenance of pain\u2010related suffering and supports a corresponding assessment tool with preliminary psychometric evidence for clinical and research applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study deconstructs the overactivity concept and develop a corresponding assessment based on five quantifiable severity features: severity of pain exacerbation, maladaptive coping strategies used, impact on occupational performance, recovery time and frequency. Results of the psychometric evaluation indicate that this comprehensive assessment of overactivity severity features may be necessary to understand the impact of overactivity on pain severity and physical functioning from both a clinical and research perspective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T13:48:51Z","timestamp":1600868931000},"page":"225-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Overactivity assessment in chronic pain: The development and psychometric evaluation of a multifaceted self\u2010report assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nicole E.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RECOVER Injury Research Centre The University of Queensland Herston Qld. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy The Royal Brisbane and Women\u2019s Hospital Herston Qld. Australia"},{"name":"Tess Cramond Pain and Research Centre The Royal Brisbane and Women\u2019s Hospital Herston Qld. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Wen","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ireland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Australian eHealth Research Centre CSIRO Herston Qld. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlien","family":"Varnfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Australian eHealth Research Centre CSIRO Herston Qld. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20130302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1509\/jmkr.44.2.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030802260406701005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.1993.18020203.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31825e452f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-2537-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199509000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","volume-title":"Behavioral methods for chronic pain and Illness","author":"Fordyce W.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1630.2003.00323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","volume-title":"Coping with chronic pain: A guide to patient self\u2010management","author":"Hanson R. W.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90073-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"1445","volume-title":"Textbook of pain","author":"Keefe F. J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(85)90004-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02177-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-006-9085-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","volume-title":"Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales","author":"Lovibond S. H.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203329"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","unstructured":"Mokkink L. B. Prinsen C. A. C. Patrick D. L. Alonso J. Bouter L. M. De Vet H. C. W. &TerweeC. B.(2019).COSMIN Study Design checklist for Patient\u2010reported outcome measurement instructments. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.cosmin.nl\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/COSMIN\u2010study\u2010designing\u2010checklist_final.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9606-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000024","article-title":"A content analysis of activity pacing in chronic pain: What are we measuring and why?","volume":"30","author":"Nielson W. R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.08.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","volume-title":"The psychological management of chronic pain","author":"Philips C.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","unstructured":"Solutions S.(2020).Correlation (Pearson Kendall Spearman). Retreived from: https:\/\/www.statisticssolutions.com\/correlation\u2010pearson\u2010kendall\u2010spearman\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences","author":"Stevens J. P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200207000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00242-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.38.6.05"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.1664","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejp.1664","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.1664","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T15:12:52Z","timestamp":1693753972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejp.1664"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejp.1664"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.1664","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3801","1532-2149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3801","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2149","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}