{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T10:13:06Z","timestamp":1772619186838,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>P2X7 receptors are responsible for triggering inflammatory responses contributing to processes of pain in articular tissues. This study aimed to investigate whether the activation of the P2X7 receptor located in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues induces nociception through an inflammatory mechanisms and\/or the activation of C\u2010fibres (small\u2010diameter primary afferents) of rats\u2019 TMJ.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TMJ hypernociception induced by the activation of P2X7 receptor was assessed by measuring the behavioural nociceptive responses. After behavioural experiments, the animals were terminally anaesthetized and periarticular tissues were removed and homogenate for enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, leukocyte infiltration and western blotting analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nonselective P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP induced a dose\u2010dependent TMJ nociception, which was blocked by the selective P2X7 receptor antagonist A\u2010438079. The co\u2010administration of the selective \u03b22\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist (ICI\u2010118,551) and the pre\u2010treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or with the nonspecific selectin inhibitor Fucoidan significantly reduced BzATP\u2010induced TMJ nociception. BzATP also induced an increase of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines TNF\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2 and CINC\u20101 levels, as well as leukocyte recruitment in TMJ tissue, effects that were reduced by A\u2010438079. Moreover BzATP\u2010induced TMJ nociception was inhibited in rats neonatal\u2010treated with Capsaicin (depleting C\u2010fibers). Finally, BzATP\u2010induced an increase in TRPV1 expression in TMJ tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that P2X7 receptor activation in TMJ of rats induces nociceptive responses mediated by sympathomimetic amines, prostaglandins, leukocyte migration and increased levels of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the P2X7 receptor activation induces nociceptive responses dependent on the activation of the primary afferent nociceptors of rats\u2019 TMJ.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The activation of P2X7 receptors has an essential role in TMJ nociception and could be an interesting target to control the inflammatory pain in temporomandibular disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]],"date-time":"2021-01-17T16:45:16Z","timestamp":1610901916000},"page":"1107-1118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["P2X7\u2010induced nociception in the temporomandibular joint of rats depends on inflammatory mechanisms and C\u2010fibres sensitization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic \u00c1rea de Fisiologia Instituto de Pesquisas S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael M.","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic \u00c1rea de Fisiologia Instituto de Pesquisas S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrique B.","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic \u00c1rea de Fisiologia Instituto de Pesquisas S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hort\u00eancia M. 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