{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:55:36Z","timestamp":1787820936234,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent research has found child pain\u2010related injustice appraisals to be associated with adverse pain\u2010related outcomes. However, this evidence is mainly based on research using a measure developed for adults in the context of accident\u2010related injuries, which may not translate to paediatric pain populations. Research on the phenomenology of child pain\u2010related injustice appraisals is lacking. This study aimed to examine the phenomenology of pain\u2010related injustice appraisals among both pain\u2010free children and children living with chronic pain, to compare and contrast their experiences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two focus groups were held with pain\u2010free children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916), and three focus groups were held with paediatric chronic pain patients attending a rehabilitation centre (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) in Belgium. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two injustice\u2010related themes were generated from the focus groups with pain\u2010free children: (1) \u2018Someone else is at fault\u2019 and (2) \u2018I am in pain and he is not\u2019. Two injustice\u2010related themes were generated from the focus groups with paediatric chronic pain patients: (1) \u2018People don't see my pain\u2019 and (2) \u2018I am missing out because of my pain\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study offers the first exploration of the phenomenology of child pain\u2010related injustice appraisals in both pain\u2010free children and paediatric pain patients. Findings highlight the interpersonal nature of lived injustice experiences caused by chronic pain, which is not fully captured by existing child pain\u2010related injustice measures. Findings further suggest that pain\u2010related injustice notions may not be extrapolated from a chronic to an acute pain context.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study offers the first exploration of the phenomenology of child pain\u2010related injustice appraisals in both pain\u2010free children and paediatric chronic pain patients. Findings highlight the interpersonal nature of injustice appraisals that are specific to the experience of chronic rather than acute pain. These appraisals are not fully captured by current child pain\u2010related injustice measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.2154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T03:56:44Z","timestamp":1688011004000},"page":"54-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Child appraisals of injustice in the context of acute and chronic pain: An interpretative phenomenological analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Frederick","family":"Daenen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental\u2010Clinical and Health Psychology Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fleur","family":"Baert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental\u2010Clinical and Health Psychology Ghent University  Ghent 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