{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:13:15Z","timestamp":1792804395850,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oscillatory activities observed in multiple regions are closely associated with the experience of pain. Specifically, oscillatory activities within the theta\u2010 and beta\u2010frequency bands, observed in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), have been implicated in pain perception among healthy individuals and those with chronic pain. However, their physiological significance remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We explored the modulation of pain perception in healthy individuals by theta\u2010 and beta\u2010band transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over the left DLPFC and examined the relationship between the modulation effect and magnitude of the electric field elicited by tACS in the left DLPFC using computational simulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings revealed that both theta\u2010 and beta\u2010tACS increased the heat pain threshold during and after stimulation. Notably, the simulated electric field magnitude in the left DLPFC exhibited an inverted U\u2010shaped relationship with the pain modulation effect for theta\u2010tACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study findings suggested that there would be an optimal electric field strength to produce a high analgesic effect for theta\u2010tACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The application of theta\u2010 and beta\u2010tACS interventions targeting the left DLPFC might facilitate the treatment of chronic pain. Furthermore, the attainment of effective pain modulation via theta\u2010tACS over the DLPFC warrants the use of optimal stimulus intensity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.2249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T04:13:34Z","timestamp":1707279214000},"page":"1018-1028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Modulation of pain perception through transcranial alternating current stimulation and its nonlinear relationship with the simulated electric field magnitude"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Ikarashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School Niigata University of Health and Welfare  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Otsuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Movement and Medical 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