{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:30:53Z","timestamp":1790767853810,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a treatment option for patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) who experience pain that does not respond to standard interventions. However, there is a lack of sham\u2010controlled trials to support its efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized, double\u2010blinded, sham\u2010controlled, cross\u2010over trial enrolled 16 CP patients with insufficient pain relief from standard therapies. Patients underwent high\u2010frequency (1000\u2009Hz) paraesthesia\u2010free SCS or sham for two 10\u2010day stimulation periods, separated by a 3\u2010day washout period. The primary outcome was daily pain intensity registered in a pain diary based on a numeric rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcomes included various questionnaires. Quantitative sensory testing was used to probe the pain system before and after interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The average daily pain score on the NRS at baseline was 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9. After SCS, the pain score was 4.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1 compared to 4.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1 in the sham group (mean difference \u22120.1, 95% CI [\u22121.4 to 1.1];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.81). Similarly, no differences were observed between groups for the maximal daily pain score, secondary outcomes or quantitative sensory testing parameters. During an open\u2010label, non\u2010sham\u2010controlled and non\u2010blinded extension of the study, the average daily NRS was 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7 at baseline, 3.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8 at 3\u2009months, 2.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9 at 6\u2009months and 3.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2 at 12\u2009months of follow\u2010up (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this first sham\u2010controlled trial of SCS in painful CP, we did not find evidence of short\u2010term pain relief with paraesthesia\u2010free high\u2010frequency (1000\u2009Hz) stimulation. However, evaluation of the long\u2010term effect by larger sham\u2010controlled trials with long\u2010term follow\u2010up is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this first sham\u2010controlled trial to apply high\u2010frequency (1000\u2009Hz) spinal cord stimulation in patients with visceral pain due to chronic pancreatitis, we did not find evidence for clinically relevant pain relief. Taken together with potential procedure\u2010related complications, adverse effects and costs associated with spinal cord stimulation, our findings question its use for management of visceral pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.2315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T03:44:16Z","timestamp":1720669456000},"page":"1627-1639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A sham\u2010controlled, randomized trial of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of pain in chronic pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Helga Angela","family":"Gulisano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg 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