{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T05:19:27Z","timestamp":1784697567096,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016018","name":"Universidad El Bosque","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poor acute postoperative pain control, coupled with the use of intravenous medications with a limited and unsafety efficacy spectrum, has led to new therapeutic alternative explorations to reduce adverse events while increasing its analgesic efficacy. There cannabinoids have been proposed as a useful control agent in post\u2010surgical pain. Nevertheless, to date, there is no solid evidence to evaluate them. The current article sought to determine cannabinoids' effectiveness and safety in the aforementioned context.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review of controlled clinical trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids for the treatment of acute postoperative pain. The study was structured under the Cochrane recommendations. Primary outcomes included: pain intensity reduction, the number and doses of rescue analgesics and adverse events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 62 articles found, only five were included. Four of them presented high inter\u2010observer agreement and 60% were classified as having a low risk of bias. When evaluating the objectives of each article, a disparity was found in the investigative methods and terms implemented. Due to the heterogeneity of methods, it was not possible to carry out meta\u2010analytic evaluations and only qualitative evaluations were feasible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite finding contradictory evidence in relation to the analgesic cannabis effect in the postoperative context, methodological disparities found in the included articles and the impossibility of performing collective quantitative analyses were more significant. Before concluding with the well\u2010known sentence: \u201cfurther intervention studies are necessary\u201d, this report has identified limitations and has proposed recommendations for the planning and execution of future cannabis clinical trials, which will support new and necessary evidence for stronger meta\u2010analytic reviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The management of severe pain after surgery, and the use of intravenous drugs with limited and potentially unsafe effectiveness, has led to the exploration of new treatment options to minimize side effects while improving pain relief. Cannabinoids have been suggested as a potential solution for managing post\u2010surgical pain, but there is currently insufficient evidence to assess their effectiveness. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cannabinoids in this context.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.4790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T10:11:18Z","timestamp":1738145478000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cannabinoids for Acute Postoperative Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2193-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor Hugo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS)  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"},{"name":"Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Pain Therapy Service Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariafernanda","family":"Valdivieso D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad El Bosque  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Felipe","family":"Mateus Almeciga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNAM  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Echeverry Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology Services, LosCobos Medical Center and Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo CTIC Foundation  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"L\u00f3pez Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics Department, LosCobos Medical Center Universidad El Bosque  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Roc\u00edo","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Arenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Universidad El Bosque  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Luis","family":"Paternina Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad El Bosque  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221109573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31823c1030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence","author":"Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03022793"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304\u20103959(03)00331\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Convergence: Facilitating Transdisciplinary Integration of Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, and Beyond","author":"Committee on Key Challenge Areas for Convergence and Health, Board on Life Sciences, Division on Earth and Life Studies, and National Research Council","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6501e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.160356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.14.1574"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.03.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Health Canada.2018.\u201cCannabis (Marihuana Marijuana) and the Cannabinoids.\u201dHealth Canada."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003591576505800503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742\u20107622\u20102\u201011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542\u2010200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2009.090020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197\u20102456(95)00134\u20104"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"1257","article-title":"Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain: Clinical Summary for Family Physicians. 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