{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T21:32:44Z","timestamp":1783027964266,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,18]],"date-time":"2015-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary dysmenorrhoea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>) is highly prevalent among women of reproductive age and it can have significant short\u2010 and long\u2010term consequences for both women and society as a whole. Validated symptom measures are fundamental for researchers to understand women's symptom experience of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> and to test symptom interventions. The objective of this paper was to critically review the content and psychometric properties of self\u2010report tools to measure symptoms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>. Databases including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PubMed<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PsychoINFO<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>umulative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ndex of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ursing and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>llied <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>iterature, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>sychosocial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nstruments were searched for self\u2010report symptom measures that had been used among women with either <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> or perimenstrual symptoms. A total of 15 measures met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The measures were categorized into generic pain measures, dysmenorrhoea\u2010specific measures, and tools designed to measure perimenstrual symptoms. These measures had varying degrees of comprehensiveness of symptoms being measured, relevance to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>, multidimensionality and psychometric soundness. No single measure was found to be optimal for use, but some dysmenorrhoea\u2010specific measures could be recommended if revised and further tested. Key issues in symptom measurement for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> are discussed. Future research needs to strengthen dysmenorrhoea\u2010specific symptom measures by including a comprehensive list of symptoms based on the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>, exploring relevant symptom dimensions beyond symptom severity (e.g., frequency, duration, symptom distress), and testing psychometric properties of the adapted tools using sound methodology and diverse samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T06:24:29Z","timestamp":1406269469000},"page":"377-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Self\u2010report pain and symptom measures for primary dysmenorrhoea: A critical review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"C.X.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.L.","family":"Kwekkeboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.E.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001610-200601000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR","author":"American Psychiatric Association, American Psychiatric Association, Task Force on DSM\u2010IV","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90433-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.154.12.1226"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/216507998903700802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30728-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(81)90576-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2008.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2009.02872.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(75)90028-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(75)90029-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200109000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"60","author":"Coco A.S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(77)90009-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00846681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"39","volume-title":"The Menstrual Cycle","author":"Dalton K.","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-3188(00)00076-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Dysmenorrhea","author":"Dawood M.Y.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(84)80025-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90473-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000230214.26638.0c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Premenstrual syndrome. Evidence\u2010based treatment in family practice","volume":"48","author":"Douglas S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2004.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2005.11.681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(86)90035-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90002-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/1997\/709054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"The effects of acupressure on severity of primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"6","author":"Gharloghi S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2007.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960310010205"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Premenstrual syndromes: A new instrument for their assessment","volume":"4","author":"Halbreich U.","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Treat Eval"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70681-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02686846"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00297-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Topics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology","author":"Hofmeyr G.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00206-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"163","volume-title":"Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms","author":"International Association for the Study of Pain","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-240X(199602)19:1<45::AID-NUR5>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0070(86)80241-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","unstructured":"Jensen M.(2003).The validity and reliability of pain measures for use in clinical trials in adults: Review paper written for the Initiative on Methods Measurement and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT) meeting. Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Handbook of Pain Assessment","author":"Jensen M.K.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90148-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxt009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318187ac9e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Handbook of Pain Assessment","author":"Katz J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Perimenstrual symptoms of Korean women living in the USA: Applicability of the WDHD (Women's Daily Health Diary) on prospective report","volume":"34","author":"Kim H.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea","author":"Kinch R.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08964280209596043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.01017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Dysmenorrhea","author":"Lundstrom V.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.00949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2007.0440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001751.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-197605000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.83.6.1456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.57.3.522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90044-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Menstruation, Health, and Illness","author":"Mitchell E.S.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-196811000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","unstructured":"Mullen F.G.(1971).Treatment of dysmenorrhea by professional and student behavior therapists. Presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105309340995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(84)90123-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","series-title":"McGraw\u2010Hill Series in Psychology","volume-title":"Psychometric Theory","author":"Nunnally J.C.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/534204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","volume-title":"Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice","author":"Polit D.F.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90091-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412983693.n6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2006.15.1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","first-page":"675","volume-title":"Neural Blockade in Clinical Anesthesia and Management of Pain","author":"Siddall P.J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00844841"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02111800"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.03.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31827a71a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2007.00308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009730903457218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1990.66.3.707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00846559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770180306"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","first-page":"106","article-title":"Premenstrual symptoms: Another look","volume":"102","author":"Woods N.F.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-240X(199804)21:2<129::AID-NUR4>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.1.1999.8.1053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770050209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","unstructured":"World Health Orgnization (WHO)(2013).2012 International Classification of Diseases Dignostic Codes. 2012 ICD\u20109 Data. [WWW Document] URLhttp:\/\/www.icd9data.com\/2012\/Volume1\/default.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2010.0506"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"A controlled study of primary fibromyalgia syndrome: Clinical features and association with other functional syndromes","volume":"19","author":"Yunus M.B.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fejp.556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.556","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejp.556","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T12:08:13Z","timestamp":1693570093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejp.556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejp.556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.556","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3801","1532-2149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3801","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2149","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}}}