{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:21:25Z","timestamp":1790612485064,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clustering helps identify patient subgroups with similar biopsychosocial profiles in acute low\u2010back pain (LBP). Motor factors are common treatment targets and are associated with disability but have not been included in acute LBP cluster development. This study aimed to identify subgroups of individuals with acute LBP based on motor, sensory and psychological characteristics and to compare these subgroups regarding clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety\u2010nine participants with acute LBP were recruited, and motor (bending range of motion [ROM], flexion relaxation), pain sensitivity (pressure\u2010pain thresholds, temporal summation of pain) and psychological factors (pain catastrophising, kinesiophobia, self\u2010efficacy) were measured, along with pain, disability and demographics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Principal component analysis accounted for 66.03% of the variance. Four component scores were entered in a hierarchical linear clustering model, deriving 3 subgroups (\u2018mild features\u2019\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200939, \u2018sensorimotor\u2019\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200935 and \u2018psychomotor\u2019\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200925). Between\u2010cluster comparisons revealed significant differences in motor, sensory and psychological variables (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Sensorimotor and psychomotor clusters had higher flexion\u2013relaxation ratios (mean difference: &gt;\u20090.2), greater disability (mean difference: &gt;\u20097\/100) and smaller ROM (mean difference: 7\u2009cm) compared to the \u2018mild\u2019 group. The sensorimotor cluster mostly exhibited higher temporal summation of pain (mean difference: &gt;\u20091.3\/10) and lower pressure\u2010pain thresholds (mean difference: &gt;\u20091.2 kg\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) than \u2018mild\u2019 and psychomotor clusters. The psychomotor cluster showed higher kinesiophobia (mean difference: &gt;\u20096\/44) and pain catastrophising (mean difference: &gt;\u200912\/52) than \u2018mild\u2019 and sensorimotor groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings indicate 3 subgroups, suggesting that motor factors may add granularity to acute LBP clusters. Stratified care based on these subgroups may help refine treatment pathways for acute LBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Including motor factors in cluster development adds a clinically relevant metric to describe people with acute LBP and generates insight into underlying mechanisms of motor adaptation. Longitudinal testing is required to see if these subgroups are differentially related to short\u2010 and long\u2010term pain and disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T17:09:28Z","timestamp":1741712968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Subgrouping People With Acute Low Back Pain Based on Psychological, Sensory, and Motor Characteristics: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6432-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Ippersiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Occupational Therapy McGill University  Quebec Canada"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"C\u00f4t\u00e9\u2010Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010S\u00e9bastien","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4472-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Mass\u00e9\u2010Alarie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15191.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20150345"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181b56db6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.05.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20160211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2023.12023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.2078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2024.104584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00330-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000164099.92112.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2021.739051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2024.101116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis: Four Recommendations for Getting the Most From Your Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Costello A. 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