{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:43:50Z","timestamp":1772995430207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) constitutes a treatment option for patients with severe chronic pain responding insufficiently to pharmacological treatment. High device costs and expenses associated with surgical procedures and follow\u2010up constitute a barrier to adoption. However, CNP patients also constitute a significant burden on public finances, with high public costs relating to health care utilisation, medicine, and lost work capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the costs of SCS therapy from a healthcare perspective (primary and secondary healthcare and medicine costs) 3\u2009years before and 3\u2009years after initiation of the SCS therapy in a large, mixed, well\u2010characterised patient cohort derived from a dedicated neuromodulation registry, including patients with different diagnoses and characteristics from three of the four Danish SCS centers. We additionally compared costs of productivity loss for patients under the age of retirement. Data on societal costs were retrieved from public Danish registries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and eight\u2010four patients were included. Total healthcare costs 3\u2009years after SCS were significantly higher than 3\u2009years before SCS, with an increase of \u20ac29,835. The expenses associated with establishing SCS therapy are reflected in a sharp increase in in\u2010patient secondary health care cost in year one after SCS. Primary health care, secondary out\u2010patient health care and medicine costs all decrease after SCS but not enough to compensate for the cost of establishing treatment. Costs due to productivity loss remain stable throughout the period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings highlight evaluating high\u2010cost interventions within a broader cost framework to inform more efficient resource allocation in chronic pain management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analyzes the real\u2010world socioeconomic impact of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in Denmark. By using data from public Danish registries, we find a sharp increase in in\u2010hospital expenses at the year of implantation, only partially offset by a subsequent reduction in other health care expenses and medicine costs. These findings give unique insights into the financial aspects of SCS, offering a perspective for healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients when evaluating the long\u2010term budgetary implications of this treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:37:51Z","timestamp":1762144671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Societal Cost Analysis of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Chronic Pain Patients: A Danish Register\u2010Based Study With 3\u2009Years Follow\u2010Up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7677-406X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaare","family":"Meier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3701-074X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina Wulff","family":"Ris\u00f8r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEFACTUM  Aarhus Central Denmark Region Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Health Services Research Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7804-9491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dennis M\u00f8geltoft","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5139-7405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens Christian Hedemann","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Experimental Neuroscience (CENSE) Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6717-5003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasrin","family":"Tayyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEFACTUM  Aarhus Central Denmark Region Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Health Services Research Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810394718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000068447"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2014011685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2003.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Denmark: Health System Review","volume":"26","author":"Birk H. 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