{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:17:51Z","timestamp":1788445071115,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persistent physical symptoms are common and often result in disability and high healthcare use. To capture how such symptoms co\u2010occur, Bodily Distress Syndrome (BDS, also called Functional Somatic Disorders) was developed as an empirically derived construct, in contrast to consensus\u2010based syndromes such as fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome\/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS\/ME). BDS is distinct from ICD\u201011 Bodily Distress Disorder and reflects the multisystem symptom pattern described in the Functional Somatic Disorder framework. However, its prevalence, symptom structure and prognostic relevance in pain populations have not been mapped.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 3762 individuals referred to a tertiary pain clinic. At baseline, participants reported standardised measures of fatigue, insomnia, pain catastrophizing, psychological distress, perceived injustice, health\u2010related quality of life and disability. After 12\u2009months, they reported disability and perceived change. BDS severity was classified from predefined symptom cluster criteria. We examined prevalence, clinical correlates and prognostic utility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>92.5% met the criteria for moderate or severe BDS. They reported more severe physical symptoms, elevated psychological distress and reduced functioning than those not meeting the criteria. Severe BDS was more common among women, those without higher education and individuals outside the workforce. After 12\u2009months, individuals with BDS showed less improvement in functioning and reported lower perceived treatment benefit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BDS was common in this outpatient hospital cohort and may offer a clinically useful lens for capturing multisystem complexity in specialised pain services. Incorporating BDS screening into routine assessment could help identify individuals with complex symptoms and support more mechanism\u2010oriented treatment approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bodily Distress Syndrome (BDS) is highly prevalent in tertiary pain care and linked to more severe symptoms, psychosocial burden and poorer long\u2010term outcomes. The findings support BDS as a clinically useful framework for identifying patients with complex symptom profiles and for guiding interdisciplinary, mechanism\u2010oriented approaches to pain management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T19:44:10Z","timestamp":1768938250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Bodily Distress Syndrome and Prediction of Patient Outcomes: Cohort Study of 3762 Individuals With Persistent Pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8531-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Live","family":"Landmark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"The Mind\u2010Body Lab, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8797-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans Fredrik","family":"Sunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind\u2010Body Lab, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo PO Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0980-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egil A.","family":"Fors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2713-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leif Edward Ottesen","family":"Kennair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5870-4906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silje Endresen","family":"Reme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind\u2010Body Lab, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Pain Management and Research Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010014\u20100167\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab308"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389\u20109457(00)00065\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2015.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875\u2010015\u20100393\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010020\u20101505\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20103999(93)90081\u2010p"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291709992327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3266"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bs.3830190102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2007.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168\u20108510(90)90421\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632\u2010200011150\u201000017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102474\u201013\u2010111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31802e46eb"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research","author":"Gaskin D.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010770"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003733"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain\u20102017\u20100160"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970306094"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000001223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000588"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000542424"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000484413"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282734"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqu168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.12047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2012.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201064059\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjpain.2013.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain\u20102021\u20100177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022\u20103999(97)00291\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(24)00623\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888\u2010022\u201004342\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis\u20102016\u2010209724"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109893"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.5.601"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2022.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.111064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","volume-title":"Chronic Pain (Primary and Secondary) in Over 16s: Assessment of All Chronic Pain and Management of Chronic Primary Pain","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","volume-title":"Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (or Encephalopathy)\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","unstructured":"Oslo University Hospital.2020.\u201cElektronisk Kartlegging\u2014OUS Smerteregister.\u201dhttps:\/\/oslo\u2010universitetssykehus.no\/fag\u2010og\u2010forskning\/nasjonale\u2010og\u2010regionale\u2010tjenester\/regional\u2010kompetansetjeneste\u2010for\u2010smerte\u2010reks\/elektronisk\u2010kartlegging\u2010ous\u2010smerteregister."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2021.110491"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102020\u2010042880"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494819868592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2022.103129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478\u20107547\u20102\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001564"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2012.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270050112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270050177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001187"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662572"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926\u2010008\u20109140\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040\u20103590.7.4.524"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304\u20103959(98)00097\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD\u201011)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.70212","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejp.70212","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejp.70212","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:54:45Z","timestamp":1788443685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejp.70212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejp.70212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.70212","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3801","1532-2149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3801","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2149","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70212"}}