{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T13:05:37Z","timestamp":1776863137350,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Research in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain often focuses on negative factors associated with poor outcomes. In contrast, strengths\u2010based approaches attempt to identify factors associated with positive outcomes, referred to as protective factors. Significant potential value lies in understanding protective factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain to deliver strengths\u2010based care. This scoping review aimed to identify protective factors associated with lower pain\u2010related disability or higher physical function in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Databases and Data Treatment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches were conducted across five databases: Medline, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus. Research Screener was used for abstract screening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy\u2010nine articles met inclusion criteria for data extraction. Overall methodological quality was low and most studies were cross\u2010sectional. A range of psychological, lifestyle, social and physical factors were associated with lower pain\u2010related disability\/higher physical function. Self\u2010efficacy was the most frequently reported factor. Other psychological factors included psychological resources, coping strategies, psychological health, acceptance, cognitive factors, perceptions of control and motivational factors. Lifestyle factors included health promotion practices, Mediterranean diet, sleep and physical activity. Identified social factors were socioeconomic and interpersonal factors. Physical factors included exercise capacity, walking performance, strength and range of motion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These factors align with the biopsychosocial understanding of pain and offer a balancing point to the prevailing deficits\u2010based focus. The findings can be used as a unique resource for clinicians, researchers and educators working in the field of chronic musculoskeletal pain and may assist in developing strength\u2010based approaches to musculoskeletal pain care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review maps available evidence on psychological, lifestyle, social and physical factors that have shown an association with lower pain\u2010related disability or higher physical function. This offers a contrasting yet complementary perspective to the prevailing focus on deficits in the literature and shines light on factors that could underpin a strengths\u2010based approach for chronic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:10:49Z","timestamp":1776258649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protection from Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0959-1233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barry E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Curtin University  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Schleidgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Curtin University  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan P.","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Curtin University  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung C. 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