{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:24:51Z","timestamp":1788449091526,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that can undermine health and functioning. Nostalgia\u2014a complex, bittersweet emotion linked to episodic memory\u2014has been associated with reduced acute and chronic pain. In contrast, future\u2010oriented affective states such as envisioning have received comparatively little attention in pain research. We examined whether brief nostalgia and envisioning inductions reduce acute and chronic pain ratings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 used a 3 (Group: envisioning, nostalgia, control)\u2009\u00d7\u20092 (Pain intensity: low, high)\u2009\u00d7\u20092 (Time: pre\u2010test, post\u2010test) mixed design to assess experimentally induced acute pain elicited by electrical stimulation in 120 university students. Experiment 2 used a 3 (Group: envisioning, nostalgia, control)\u2009\u00d7\u20092 (Time: pre\u2010test, post\u2010test) mixed design to assess self\u2010reported chronic pain intensity in 179 individuals living with chronic pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Experiment 1, nostalgia and envisioning yielded significantly greater reductions in acute pain ratings than the control condition across low\u2010 and high\u2010intensity stimulation. In Experiment 2, nostalgia and envisioning were associated with significantly larger reductions in chronic pain ratings than the control condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief nostalgia and envisioning inductions were associated with lower self\u2010reported pain ratings in both an acute experimental paradigm and a chronic pain sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined whether brief, writing\u2010based inductions of past\u2010oriented nostalgia and future\u2010oriented envisioning are associated with lower pain ratings. Across two experiments, both inductions were associated with reduced self\u2010reported pain ratings in an acute electrical\u2010stimulation paradigm and in a sample of individuals living with chronic pain. The findings extend previous work on nostalgia and pain and provide preliminary evidence that emotionally immersive future simulation may also be relevant to pain perception. These results may inform future mechanistic and intervention\u2010oriented research, although their clinical utility requires further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:22:22Z","timestamp":1781601742000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nostalgia and Envisioning Reduce Pain Ratings in Healthy Adults and Individuals With Chronic Pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Chao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Liaoning Normal University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0862-7388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Liaoning Normal 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