{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:50:58Z","timestamp":1763747458308},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,16]],"date-time":"2015-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain is a cardinal symptom in individuals with whiplash\u2010associated disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content>). We aimed to compare pain characteristics between individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes, and to determine whether potential differences were accounted for by experimental pain tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the 6th Troms\u00f8 Study (2007\u20132008, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012,981) were analysed. The number of painful locations was compared between individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes using negative binomial regression, pain frequency using multinomial logistic regression and pain intensity using multiple linear regression. Differences in experimental pain tolerance (cold pressor test) were tested using Cox regression; one model compared individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> to those with chronic pain from other causes, one compared the two groups with chronic pain to individuals without chronic pain. Subsequently, regression models investigating clinical pain characteristics were adjusted for pain tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content>, 96% also reported other causes for pain. Individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> reported a higher number of painful locations [median (inter\u2010quartile range): 5 (3.5\u20137) vs. 3 (2\u20135), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001] and higher pain intensity (crude mean difference\u00a0=\u00a00.78, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. Pain tolerance did not differ between these two groups. Compared to individuals without chronic pain, individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> and individuals with chronic pain from other causes had reduced pain tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAD<\/jats:styled-content> report more additional causes of pain, more painful locations and higher pain intensity than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. The increased pain reporting was not accounted for by pain tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,16]],"date-time":"2015-11-16T09:41:47Z","timestamp":1447666907000},"page":"949-958","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pain and pain tolerance in whiplash\u2010associated disorders: A\u00a0population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"S.M.","family":"Myrtveit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.C.","family":"Skogen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger 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