{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:45:14Z","timestamp":1790729114623,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1105040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1105040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001776","name":"University of Western Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001776","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Acute muscle pain has both motor and sensory consequences, yet the effect of muscle pain on the primary sensory (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1) and motor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1) cortices has yet to be systematically evaluated. Here we aimed to determine the strength of the evidence for (1) altered activation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1 during and after pain, (2) the temporal profile of any change in activation and (3) the relationship between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1 activity and the symptoms of pain. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>eptember 2015, five electronic databases were systematically searched for neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies investigating the effect of acute experimental muscle pain on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1 in healthy volunteers. Demographic data, methodological characteristics and primary outcomes for each study were extracted for critical appraisal. Meta\u2010analyses were performed where appropriate. Twenty\u2010five studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. There was consistent evidence from f<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> for increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1 activation in the contralateral hemisphere during pain, but insufficient evidence to determine the effect at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1. Meta\u2010analyses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG<\/jats:styled-content> data revealed moderate to strong evidence of reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1 and corticomotor excitability during and following the resolution of muscle pain. A comprehensive understanding of the temporal profile of altered activity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1, and the relationship to symptoms of pain, is hampered by differences in methodological design, pain modality and pain severity between studies. Overall, the findings of this review indicate reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1 and corticomotor activity during and after resolution of acute muscle pain, mechanisms that could plausibly underpin altered sensorimotor function in pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What does this review add?<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide the first systematic evaluation of the primary sensory (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1) and motor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1) cortex response to acute experimental muscle pain in healthy volunteers. We present evidence from a range of methodologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effect of pain on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1. Through meta\u2010analyses we evaluate the strength of evidence concerning the direction and temporal profile of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>1\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>1 response to acute muscle pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,26]],"date-time":"2016-02-26T02:22:08Z","timestamp":1456453328000},"page":"1203-1213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Primary sensory and motor cortex function in response to acute muscle pain: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Burns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity Unit School of Science and Health Western Sydney University 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