{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T18:34:00Z","timestamp":1770143640874,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine the role of cardiac interoception on self\u2010regulated (Experiment 1) and externally prescribed (Experiment 2) exercises. Cardiac interoception was assessed using heartbeat tracking and discrimination tasks in both experiments. Based on heartbeat discrimination performance, participants were partitioned into groups demonstrating GOOD and POOR cardiac interoceptive accuracy. In Experiment 1, 20 participants completed two self\u2010regulated 20\u2010min cycling tasks at two intensities (<jats:italic>light<\/jats:italic> rated physical exertion [RPE on Borg Scale\u00a0=\u00a010] vs. <jats:italic>hard\u2010to\u2010very hard<\/jats:italic>, RPE\u00a0=\u00a016). During self\u2010regulated exercise, the POOR cardiac interoception group showed lower differences in their exercise work rates and physiological responses between <jats:italic>light<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hard\u2010to\u2010very hard<\/jats:italic> intensity exercises. These differences were partly attributable to a higher work rate over the first 5\u00a0min of <jats:italic>light<\/jats:italic> intensity exercise and a higher initial rate of work in the first min of <jats:italic>hard\u2010to\u2010very hard<\/jats:italic> intensity exercise. In Experiment 2, 15 participants completed an externally prescribed, constant\u2010load cycling task performed at 80% of the peak power output, to task failure. During externally prescribed exercise, GOOD and POOR groups did not differ in their time\u2010to\u2010task failure nor in their physiological and perceptual responses to the exercise. Together these findings demonstrate that individual differences in interoceptive accuracy influence the regulation of self\u2010paced exercise but do not affect externally prescribed exercise tolerance under constant load.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.12263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T13:10:50Z","timestamp":1739625050000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Having the Heart to Exercise Control: Cardiac Interoception Influences Self\u2010Paced Exercise Regulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"J. B.","family":"Butterworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory School of Education, Sport and Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Dekerle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory School of Education, Sport and Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Greenhouse\u2010Tucknott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory School of Education, Sport and Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit (UNICOG) NeuroSpin, CEA Paris\u2010Saclay  Gif\u2010sur\u2010Yvette Cedex France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. D.","family":"Critchley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Brighton and Sussex Medical School University of Sussex  Brighton UK"},{"name":"Neurobehavioural Clinic Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust  Brighton UK"},{"name":"Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science University of Sussex  Falmer UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3371-3237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. J.","family":"Smeeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fatigue and Exercise Laboratory School of Education, Sport and Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2020.107870"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Feeling the Beat: Temporal and Spatial Perception of Heartbeat Sensations","author":"Betka S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000194758"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100838.2005.00448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768\u2010198205000\u201000012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Borg\u2018s Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales","author":"Borg G. A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100033\u20101343402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2020.107869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959\u20104388(03)00090\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2017.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073911430132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010002\u20100786\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015863"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.079053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2020.107904"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17509840802705920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160\u2010008\u20109025\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203630"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2011.01330.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2022.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278\u20106133.5.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010017\u20103645\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2014.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics","author":"Green D. M.","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262303"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010021\u201000958\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2052\u20101847\u20106\u201035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256\u2010200131130\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2012_26_049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2007.00493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2006.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026404100365027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.4.4.524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.1981.tb03029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2017.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2019.107831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010020\u201001320\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2015.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2019.107765"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01124.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874387000903010009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022\u20103514.39.1.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.39.1.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/156802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577299980071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.7.2.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2014.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.167.10.950"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930902809375"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.1981.tb02486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2021.108168"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Patterning of Physiological and Affective Responses During a Graded Exercise Test in Sedentary Men and Boys","volume":"6","author":"Sheppard K. E.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","first-page":"600","article-title":"Circadian Rhythms in Exercise Performance: Implications for Hormonal and Muscular Adaptation","volume":"10","author":"Teo W.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.050799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010018\u20100986\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2009.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00998623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301\u20100511(01)00110\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.87.3.1213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2020.107868"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejsc.12263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T10:52:15Z","timestamp":1755427935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejsc.12263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejsc.12263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejsc.12263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-1391","1536-7290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-1391","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-7290","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"article-number":"e12263"}}