{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:39:38Z","timestamp":1790019578137,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001317","name":"Swansea University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>There have been limited studies allowing key stakeholders the opportunity to voice their opinions on DSD athlete participation in elite sport. The purpose of this study was to survey athletes eligible to compete in the female category regarding DSD athletes' inclusion. This study surveyed national, elite and world class athletes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0147) competing in the female category regarding their opinions on the eligibility of DSD athletes in elite sport. The study compared current and retired Olympic sport athletes, elite versus world class athletes and current Olympic sport versus current Olympic\u2010recognised sport athletes. Most athletes believed that it was an unethical requirement to medicate in order to comply with eligibility regulations (67.2%). Overall, athletes did not support a separate category for DSD athletes, an opinion most strongly held for precision sports (69.5%) and a majority believed their participation in the female category was fair (54.4%, precision sports). This opinion was more commonly held by Olympic\u2010recognised sport than current Olympic sport athletes, particularly for sports heavily reliant on physical capacity (61.1% vs. 20%). More current Olympic sport athletes believed that the eligibility of DSD athletes for the female category was unfair, compared to Olympic\u2010recognised sport athletes. Athletes agreed that sports federations could be doing more to make sport more inclusive for DSD athletes (82.2%), with only 8.2% believing such athletes were treated fairly. After reviewing these novel results, the athletes' voice (in combination with scientific evidence) should be utilised to create appropriate policies that align with the collective values of athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.12300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T07:20:33Z","timestamp":1745824833000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eligibility of Athletes With a Difference in Sex Development in Elite Sport: Opinions of National, Elite and World Class Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2987-0809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niall Timothy","family":"Fife","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6480-9240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex Lauren","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina Kate","family":"Stebbings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Metropolitan Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Chollier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Political Science University of Chester  Chester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke Thomas","family":"Joseph Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy Neil","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alun Gwen","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"},{"name":"Manchester Metropolitan Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane Micheal","family":"Heffernan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A\u2010STEM) Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118884997.CH7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000525119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2019.1703130"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34068\/joe.50.02.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00948705.2024.2316294"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2020.578213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19406940.2020.1834432"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","article-title":"Caster Semenya and the Myth of a Level Playing Field","volume":"6","author":"Buzuvis E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Modern American"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"CAS 2014\/A\/3759 Dutee Chand v. 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HerbertA. et\u00a0al. \u201cRunning like a Girl: Athletics Performance of Women Whose Eligibility is Subject to World Athletics DSD Regulations.\u201d Published online February 21 2025.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31219\/OSF.IO\/AXVQZ_V1","DOI":"10.31219\/osf.io\/axvqz_v2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S40279\u2010021\u201001451\u20108\/TABLES\/2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"International Association of Athletics Federation. \u201cIAAF Regulations Governing Eligibility of Females With Hyperandrogenism to Compete in Women\u2019s Competition.\u201d Published online2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"International Olympic Committee.2021. \u201cIOC Framework on Fairness Inclusion and Non\u2010Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity and Sex Variations \u2013 Official Olympic Documents.\u201d Accessed March 27 2024.https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/documents\/athletes\/ioc\u2010framework\u2010on\u2010fairness\u2010inclusion\u2010and\u2010non\u2010discrimination\u2010on\u2010the\u2010basis\u2010of\u2010gender\u2010identity\u2010and\u2010sex\u2010variations."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"International Olympic Committee.2023. \u201cIOC Athletes\u2019 Commission.\u201d Accessed March 29 2023.https:\/\/olympics.com\/athlete365\/who\u2010we\u2010are\/ioc\u2010athletes\u2010commission\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"International Olympic Committee.2024a. \u201cInternational Sports Federations (IFs) With Olympic Recognition.\u201d Accessed June 9 2024.https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/international\u2010federations."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"International Olympic Committee.2024b. \u201cInternational Sports Federations Recognized by the IOC.\u201d Accessed June 9 2024.https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/recognised\u2010international\u2010federations."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/MEDETHICS\u20102018\u2010105208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003186403\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442975"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18848\/2152\u20107857\/CGP\/v09i03\/35\u201051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S198178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19419899.2018.1453862"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/SMS.14581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19312450701641409"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics\u20102015\u2010102661"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100451"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20102958.2003.tb00846.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JSMA\u201003\u20102022\u20100045\/FULL\/XML"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods","author":"Patton M. 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