{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:19:02Z","timestamp":1787509142558,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This investigation aimed to evaluate sleep of young rugby union players during a 10\u2010day training camp accounting for the potential influence of prior daily training load and the morning appointment time. Twenty\u2010six elite male under\u201020 rugby union players were monitored each day during a 10\u2010day training camp including two exhibitions matches. Sleep\u2010wake patterns and sleep architecture were assessed using actigraphy and a reduced\u2010montage dry\u2010electroencephalographic headband device, respectively. Training load and perceived wellness were, respectively, evaluated using GPS trackers and 10\u2010score visual analogue scales. The prevalence of nights with sleep duration\u00a0&lt;\u00a07\u00a0h, wake after sleep onset\u00a0&gt;\u00a040\u00a0min and sleep efficiency\u00a0&lt;\u00a085% was 30.3%, 77.8% and 43.4%, respectively. Every 100\u2010m increase in high\u2010speed running distance increased sleep duration (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0+4.9\u00a0min,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and reduced the number of sleep stage shifts (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.1,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The shortest sleep duration (06:52\u00a0\u00b1\u00a000:34\u00a0h) occurred on the day of Match 1, when the morning appointment was the earliest, that is, 7:30. Sleep duration (\u221219.3\u00a0min,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.01) and efficiency (\u22122.2%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) were impaired when the morning appointment was scheduled at 8:30 compared to 8:00. This study supports that the training camp is a vulnerable period for sleep, but a controlled, non\u2010excessive training load promotes sleep quantity and continuity of sleep architecture. The organisational aspects of the camp strongly influence the sleep\u2010wake patterns. Coaches should be aware of the putative impact of earlier and\/or unusual morning appointment times on sleep, especially in proximity to a match.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T17:49:28Z","timestamp":1760896168000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Morning Appointment Time Rather Than Training Load Affects Sleep During a Training Camp in Young Elite Rugby Union Players"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0690-8074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Chauvineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370) French Institute of Sport (INSEP)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paris Cit\u00e9 University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation  Marcoussis France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u00ebtan","family":"Boissard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation  Marcoussis France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Piscione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation  Marcoussis France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Duforez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotel\u2010Dieu, Sleep and Vigilance Center APHP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Guilhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370) French Institute of Sport (INSEP)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8095-9163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathieu","family":"Nedelec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370) French Institute of Sport (INSEP)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002403"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa097"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07487304211064218"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12371"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165\u20101781(89)90047\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14132"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062\u20106050\u20100042.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010022\u201001706\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.2.285"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports\u20102020\u2010103835"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/00124278\u2010200102000\u201000019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports\u20102015\u2010094961"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010019\u201001119\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010022\u201000470\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Progress in Brain Research","author":"Halson S. L.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010019\u201001170\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4794"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2015.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.641451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818cb278"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"A Self\u2010Assessment Questionnaire to Determine Morningness\u2010Eveningness in Human Circadian Rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne J. A.","year":"1976","journal-title":"International Journal of Chronobiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PAID.2018.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00611"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2016.1220986"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Professional Correlates of Insomnia","volume":"29","author":"L\u00e9ger D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.8.1.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017\u20100124"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4730"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.5.601"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010020\u201000263\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.711634"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017\u20100268"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010018\u20100151\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S158598"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2016.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2016\u20100009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100034\u20101385866"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports\u20102018\u2010099322"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2012.696711"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2014.957306"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100417"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001221"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2024.2308960"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010017\u20100679\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017\u20100119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2016\u20100414"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010020\u20100236\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2011.627941"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejsc.70020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T08:07:48Z","timestamp":1763194068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ejsc.70020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ejsc.70020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejsc.70020","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-1391","1536-7290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-1391","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-7290","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"article-number":"e70020"}}