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Twenty\u2010three participants (men: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016 and women: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07) performed four sets of unilateral Smith machine calf raises to momentary failure twice a week for 8\u00a0weeks. One leg was trained using initial partials to their individualized maximum dorsiflexion ROM. The contralateral leg was trained with a full ROM and continued with past\u2010failure partials after failure in peak plantarflexion. Medial gastrocnemius muscle thickness was measured with ultrasonography both baseline and postintervention. A Bayesian framework was used to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) using credible intervals and Bayes factors (BFs). The ATE posterior distribution indicated a greater increase in muscle hypertrophy for the initial partial condition (0.40 [95% CrI: \u22120.06 to 0.85\u00a0mm]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> (&gt;\u00a00)\u00a0=\u00a00.958), with a BF of 1.2 suggesting \u201canecdotal\u201d evidence in favor of an effect. Within\u2010condition analyses using standardized mean difference estimates indicated that the interventions were likely to produce medium to large improvements. These findings suggest that both initial partials and past\u2010failure partials are viable strategies for achieving gastrocnemius hypertrophy. Although the average change favored initial partials, the estimated difference was uncertain, and the Bayes factor provided only anecdotal support for a differential effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T02:44:47Z","timestamp":1756089887000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Resistance Training Beyond Momentary Failure: The Effects of Past\u2010Failure Partials Versus Initial Partials on Calf Muscle Hypertrophy Among a Resistance\u2010Trained Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5254-1747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stian","family":"Larsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Physical Education Nord University  Levanger Norway"},{"name":"Academy for Personal Training  Fredrikstad Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nordis 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Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milo","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Science and Recreation Applied Muscle Development Laboratory CUNY Lehman College  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"van den Tillaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Physical Education Nord University  Levanger Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Swinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Robert Gordon University  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hallvard N.","family":"Falch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Physical Education Nord University  Levanger 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