{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:55:24Z","timestamp":1791849324020,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Depression is frequently accompanied by core cognitive impairments, notably in executive function and memory. Although the ameliorative effects of exercise training have been widely corroborated, the evidence regarding its underlying mechanisms remains fragmented. To provide a comprehensive and integrated view, this review proposes a testable, cross\u2010scale \u201cperipheral\u2010central\u2010behavioral\u201d hypothetical mechanistic model to explain the effects of exercise on cognition. The core theoretical contribution of this study lies in explicitly postulating a \u201cmolecule\u2010structure\u2010function\u201d cross\u2010level mediation hypothesis. The exercise\u2010induced upregulation of peripheral neurotrophic factors must be mediated by a core \u201cstructural mediator\u201d, specifically the enhanced white matter integrity of key tracts, to ultimately drive the \u201celectrophysiological output\u201d of optimized cerebral information processing efficiency. Furthermore, this model proposes the temporal cascade effects of neuro\u2010psychological interactive regulation, distinguishing between early subacute HPA axis normalization and mid\u2010to\u2010long\u2010term reward system activation. Crucially, recognizing the profound translational gap between biological mechanisms and clinical application, this review emphasizes that optimal exercise prescriptions cannot be dictated solely by physiological targets. Addressing the heterogeneity of depressed individuals, we propose a precision intervention framework that meticulously balances neurobiological efficacy by tailoring specific modalities and optimal dose\u2010response thresholds to distinct depression subtypes. Ultimately, this review provides a theoretical framework for future stratified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on longitudinal multimodal co\u2010measurements, paving the way for clinically viable, predictable, and highly individualized exercise prescriptions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.70272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:31:27Z","timestamp":1791847887000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanisms of Exercise Training in Ameliorating Cognitive Function in Patients With Depression: A Narrative Review of Molecular Targets and Clinical Prescriptions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4085-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai 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