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The HE structure is also a very important feature in antithrombotic drug development, since the antithrombin binding site is composed by sequences of a specific sulfation pattern. The analysis of disaccharide composition is then a fundamental point of all the studies regarding HE\/heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (and thereby proteoglycan) functions. The present work describes two analytical methods to quantify the disaccharides constituting HE and heparan sulfate chains. The use of PAGE of fluorophore\u2010labeled saccharides and HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector allowed in one run the identification of 90\u201395% of HE disaccharides and 74\u2013100% of rat kidney purified heparan sulfate. Moreover, the protocol here reported avoid the <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010sulfation disaccharides degradation, which may affect <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010sulfated\/<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylated disaccharides ratio evaluation. These methods could be also very important in clinical treatments since they are useful for monitoring the availability kinetics of antithrombotic drugs, such as low\u2010molecular\u2010weight HEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200700855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,16]],"date-time":"2008-07-16T07:32:48Z","timestamp":1216193568000},"page":"3168-3174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["New electrophoretic and chromatographic techniques for analysis of heparin and heparan sulfate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Viola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Vigetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evgenia","family":"Karousou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Bartolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Genasetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moira","family":"Clerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pallotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Passi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr010213m"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.68.1.729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42643-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.128.4.673"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549804600104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135458"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200204)23:7\/8<1104::AID-ELPS1104>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.11.6551"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200406034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2005.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/10.3.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608823200"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(96)00930-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200390071"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2005.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M202124200"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200610086"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270007307242"}],"container-title":["ELECTROPHORESIS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Felps.200700855","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/elps.200700855","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T14:40:29Z","timestamp":1760539229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/elps.200700855"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,24]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/elps.200700855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/elps.200700855","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0173-0835","1522-2683"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0173-0835"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1522-2683"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,24]]}}}