{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:27:26Z","timestamp":1788388046058,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electrophoresis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A new CE\u2010ESI\u2010MS method was developed to provide a simple way to study changes to hemoglobin (HbA) induced by acetaldehyde (Ach) <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Instrumental parameters were univariately optimized in order to maximize the sensitivity of the CE\u2010ESI\u2010MS method. The electrophoretic separations were carried out in poly\u2010E323\u2010coated capillaries using 60\u2009mM formic acid raised to pH 3.0 with ammonia and containing 5% 2\u2010propanol while the sheath liquid, 2\u2010propanol\/water (30:70) with 0.1% formic acid, was delivered at 1.0\u2009\u03bcL\/min through a coaxial sheath flow electrospray interface. The HbA was incubated with Ach for intervals up to 24\u2009h at concentration varying in the window 0.2\u201320\u2009mM. Four stable Ach\u2010hemoglobin adducts in the hemoglobin tryptic digest were observed at the submillimolar Ach concentration and characterized by MS\/MS experiments: although the \u03b1 and \u03b2 N\u2010amino terminal modifications were expected, the two internal ones arising, respectively, from the condensation of Ach molecules on the histidine residue in position 4 in \u03b14 (<jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic> the fourth peptide after tryptic digestion of alpha chain starting from amino terminal) and on the asparagine residue in position 2 in \u03b23, were identified for the first time. During the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> experiments higher concentrations of Ach were also used; however, it was not possible to identify any other stable modification of hemoglobin. Interestingly, those stable modifications are the only ones <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> identified in the hemoglobin of moderate alcohol drinkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200800379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T07:49:04Z","timestamp":1242200944000},"page":"1798-1807","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A new CE\u2010ESI\u2010MS method for the detection of stable hemoglobin acetaldehyde adducts, potential biomarkers of alcohol abuse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe E.","family":"De Benedetto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Fanigliulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1991.10718182"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001574-199309030-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"117","volume":"27","author":"Delin C. 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