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Of the 45 pairs of primers screened, 10 RSAP markers showed a clear banding pattern with good resolution; however, only six exhibited a polymorphism among different isolates. Among six RSAP markers, one pair of primers (R8+R10) was able to differentiate male and female parasites, and amplified one constant specific band for female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> isolates. The specific band was recovered, re\u2010amplified and sequenced, and a sequence of 162 bp was obtained. Based on this sequence, a pair of specific primers was designed and used to develop sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR)\u2010PCR assay for identification and differentiation of female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> isolates. The SCAR\u2010PCR assay allowed the specific identification of female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>, with no amplicons being amplified from male <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Clonorchis sinensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> (male and female parasite). DNA sequencing confirmed the identity of the amplified products. The minimum amount of DNA detectable using SCAR\u2010PCR assay was 0.3\u2009ng for female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>. The SCAR\u2010PCR was able to differentiate effectively the male and female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> worms collected from 12 geographical origins in eight endemic provinces, the gender of which was known based on the morphological and biological features. These results showed that SCAR\u2010PCR provides an effective tool for the sex differentiation studies of <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>, identification of female <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>, diagnosis and epidemiological survey of <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> infections in animals and human.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200900615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]],"date-time":"2010-01-27T12:19:07Z","timestamp":1264594747000},"page":"641-647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An effective sequence characterized amplified region\u2010PCR method derived from restriction site\u2010amplified polymorphism for the identification of female <i>Schistosoma japonicum<\/i> of zoonotic significance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Guang\u2010Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui\u2010Qing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng\u2010Cai","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi\u2010Guo","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi\u2010Hao","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Qun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya\u2010Biao","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing\u2010Quan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00215038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1999.00717.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2000.00185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.1999.83126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/g96-004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2004.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0269-283x.2002.00344.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.32.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/G08-120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-009-1042-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2009.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2009.02645.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/g03-091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09754.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(00)00302-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2007.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/gen-43-1-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)13247-X","volume":"20","author":"Kim D. 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