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Current antifungal treatments for cryptococcal infections are inadequate partly due to the occurrence of drug resistance. Recent studies indicate that the treatment of the azole drug fluconazole changes the morphology of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0neoformans<\/jats:italic> to form enlarged \u201cmultimeras\u201d that consist of three or more connected cells\/buds. To analyze if these multimeric cells are a prerequisite for <jats:italic>C.\u00a0neoformans<\/jats:italic> to acquire drug resistance, a tool capable of separating them from normal cells is critical. We extend our recently demonstrated sheath\u2010free elasto\u2010inertial particle separation technique to fractionate drug\u2010treated <jats:italic>C.\u00a0neoformans<\/jats:italic> cells by morphology in biocompatible polymer solutions. The separation performance is evaluated for both multimeric and normal cells in terms of three dimensionless metrics: efficiency, purity, and enrichment ratio. The effects of flow rate, polymer concentration, and microchannel height on cell separation are studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201700428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T15:45:31Z","timestamp":1519227931000},"page":"2362-2369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Continuous sheath\u2010free separation of drug\u2010treated human fungal pathogen <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i> by morphology in biocompatible polymer solutions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University  Clemson SC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Biochemistry Clemson University  Clemson SC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Kozubowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Biochemistry Clemson University  Clemson SC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0158-4186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangchun","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University  Clemson SC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818241"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000848"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00205-17"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10404-013-1291-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201600386"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4799787"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3721-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413986111"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0600997103"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.8.22.9891"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2017.02.013"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3580757"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","DOI":"10.1039\/b509386d"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","DOI":"10.1039\/c2lc21083e"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1094567"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b03321"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b01432"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4962638"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5006445"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC01382A"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.8.024019"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","DOI":"10.1039\/c1lc00007a"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200600786"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912138106"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4862355"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200900736"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"031017","volume":"2","author":"Masaeli M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. 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