{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:41:20Z","timestamp":1793382080852,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717113600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002385","name":"Ministry of Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRGS\/1\/2022\/TK07\/UKM\/02\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2022\/TK07\/UKM\/02\/21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002385","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IH210100040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IH210100040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Electrophoresis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Characterization of antibiotic\u2010resistant bacteria is a significant concern that persists for the rapid classification and analysis of the bacteria. A technology that utilizes the manipulation of antibiotic\u2010resistant bacteria is key to solving the significant threat of these pathogenic bacteria by rapid characterization profile. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) can differentiate between antibiotic\u2010resistant and susceptible bacteria based on their physical structure and polarization properties. In this work, the DEP response of two Gram\u2010positive bacteria, namely, <jats:italic>Methicillin\u2010resistant Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) and <jats:italic>Methicillin\u2010susceptible S. aureus<\/jats:italic> (MSSA), was investigated and simulated. The DEP characterization was experimentally observed on the bacteria influenced by oxacillin and vancomycin antibiotics. MSSA control without antibiotics has crossover frequencies () from 6 to 8\u00a0MHz, whereas MRSA control is from 2 to 3\u00a0MHz. The  changed when bacteria were exposed to the antibiotic. As for MSSA, the  decreased to 3.35\u00a0MHz compared to  MSSA control without antibiotics, MRSA,  increased to 7\u00a0MHz when compared to MRSA control. The changes in the DEP response of MSSA and MRSA with and without antibiotics were theoretically proven using MyDEP and COMSOL simulation and experimentally based on the modification to the bacteria cell walls. Thus, the DEP response can be employed as a label\u2010free detectable method to sense and differentiate between resistant and susceptible strains with different antibiotic profiles. The developed method can be implemented on a single platform to analyze and identify bacteria for rapid, scalable, and accurate characterization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202200276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:50:06Z","timestamp":1685580606000},"page":"1220-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dielectrophoresis microbial characterization and isolation of <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> based on optimum crossover frequency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8738-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arash Zulkarnain Ahmad","family":"Rozaini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Selangor Malaysia"},{"name":"Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Abdulhameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Communication Systems and Sensing King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0001-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Revathy","family":"Deivasigamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurulhuda","family":"Nadzreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noraziah Mohamad","family":"Zin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin Ahmad","family":"Kayani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility RMIT University  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health RMIT University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4104-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhamad Ramdzan","family":"Buyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BuyongMR IsmailAG YunusFW SamadMIA JamaludinNMA RahimMKA et\u00a0al.Tapered dielectrophoresis microelectrodes: device operation and application. In:Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE regional symposium on micro and nanoelectronics RSM 2019.IEEE;2019. p.172\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/RSM46715.2019.8943575"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"Separation of red blood cells along the planar plane using castellated and straight electrodes","volume":"12","author":"Yunus FW","year":"2019","journal-title":"ASM Sci J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RahimMKA BuyongMR JamaludinNMA HamzahAA SiowKS MajlisBY.Characterization of permittivity and conductivity for ESKAPE pathogens detection. In:IEEE international conference on semiconductor electronics proceedings ICSE.IEEE;2018. p.132\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/SMELEC.2018.8481278"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abd SamadMI BuyongMR YunusFW SiowKS HamzahAA MajlisBY.Voltage characterization on dielectrophoretic force response to hematologic cell manipulation. In:IEEE international conference on semiconductor electronics proceedings ICSE.IEEE;2018. p.13\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/SMELEC.2018.8481286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17576\/jsm-2020-4912-03"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21154957"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21093007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/48\/14\/401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200500068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA05886A"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN00906E"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12030270"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01635-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2020.112123"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMM.16.4.044501"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/PMC.S14459"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70318-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2011.00259.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(09)60003-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Patient\u2010specific carotid plaque progression simulation","volume":"1","author":"Yang C","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comput Model Eng Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201300424"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Dielectrophoretic force response for Lactobacillus casei","volume":"2016","author":"Buyong MR","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Semiconductor Electron"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17576\/jsm-2020-4912-04"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4LC00109E"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac300093w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S146748"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(68)86506-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.1.5-14.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00103-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks522"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-62614-1.00010-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2018.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b00220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9AN01449G"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2017.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Instructions for use\u2010ready\u2010to\u2010use bottled media BD","author":"Dickinson B","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.2.688-694.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874279301810010108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/52\/19\/019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elstat.2022.103694"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c06323"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.53096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202100268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2023.131065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s150510973"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios9010030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2019.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.13456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-2626-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118791"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68834"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(73)85966-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(80)85052-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Changes in membrane fatty acid composition during entry of Vibrio vulnificus into the viable but nonculturable state","volume":"42","author":"Day AP","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Methicillin resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: appraising therapeutic approaches in the Northwest of Iran","volume":"5","author":"Hasani A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac5029837"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpc.2006.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.088534"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009650"}],"container-title":["ELECTROPHORESIS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/elps.202200276","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/elps.202200276","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T18:17:33Z","timestamp":1760552253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/elps.202200276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15-16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/elps.202200276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/elps.202200276","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0173-0835","1522-2683"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0173-0835","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2683","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}