{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:40:01Z","timestamp":1786977601453,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19-20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Electrophoresis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Various dyes are used to visualize DNA bands in agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) by the methods of pre\u2010 or post\u2010staining. The DNA dye user's guides generally state that the binding of the dye to DNA will affect DNA mobility in electrophoresis, thus recommending post\u2010staining for accurate measurement of DNA size. However, many AGE performers prefer pre\u2010staining procedures for reasons such as convenience, real\u2010time observation of DNA bands, and\/or the use of a minimal amount of dye. The detrimental effect of the dye on DNA mobility and the associated risk for inaccurate measurement of DNA size are often overlooked by AGE performers. Here we quantitatively determine the impact on DNA migration imposed by frequently used dyes, including GelRed, ethidium bromide (EB), and Gold View. It was observed that pre\u2010staining with GelRed and EB significantly slowed down DNA migration to cause as much as 39.1% overestimation on the size of sample DNA, whereas Gold View had little effect. The slowdown of DNA migration increased with dye concentration until it plateaued when the dye concentration reached a saturated level. Thus, to take advantage of pre\u2010staining, saturated levels of DNA dyes should always be applied for both DNA samples and DNA markers to ensure a fair comparison of DNA sizes. In addition, GelRed and EB display much higher sensitivity than Gold View in the detection of DNA bands in post\u2010staining. The saturated concentrations, cost considerations, and other useful features of these frequently used dyes are summarized for the information of AGE performers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202400082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T03:23:14Z","timestamp":1722568994000},"page":"1796-1804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Proper application of DNA dyes in agarose gel electrophoresis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3942-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling\u2010Jin","family":"Tuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Research Institute for Women's and Children's Health Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo\u2010Qing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Outpatient Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research Department Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Lianyungang  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Research Institute for Women's and Children's Health Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi\u2010Wen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Research Institute for Women's and Children's Health Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Lianyungang Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/5.7.2321"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.2.615"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(67)90353-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1979.tb00613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201700489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Simple and practical staining of DNA with GelRed in agarose gel electrophoresis","volume":"56","author":"Huang Q","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin 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