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Capillary electrophoresis\u2013mass spectrometry (CE\u2013MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in food analysis due to its high separation efficiency, low sample consumption, and ability to handle complex matrices. However, challenges such as the use of volatile running buffers and maintaining the stability of the electrical circuit connecting the CE and MS systems have been addressed through advancements in interface designs, such as sheathless systems and optimized sheath\u2010liquid compositions. Online and offline preconcentration techniques have significantly enhanced CE\u2013MS sensitivity (up to 1000\u2010fold) through stacking methods such as large volume sample stacking (LVSS) and dynamic pH junction stacking. Meanwhile, offline sample preparation techniques, such as solid\u2010phase extraction (SPE) and liquid\u2010based methods, are essential for removing matrix interferences and preconcentrating targeted analytes. This review explores both online and offline preconcentration methods and emphasizes the importance of CE\u2013MS in helping researchers develop effective strategies for selecting the best preconcentration methods for food analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202400211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T06:08:11Z","timestamp":1737353291000},"page":"263-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Advances and Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis: Strategies for Online and Offline Preconcentration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3079-7837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadhiratul\u2010Farihin","family":"Semail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  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